General Science/Everyday Science MCQs
Topic Notes: General Science/Everyday Science
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
91
Which phylum is characterized by segmented bodies and a closed circulatory system?
Answer:
Annelida
Annelids (segmented worms like earthworms and leeches) have repeated body segments and a well-developed closed circulatory system where blood is always contained within vessels.
92
In birds, the behavior where they follow the first moving object they see after birth is an example of:
Answer:
Imprinting
Imprinting is a form of learning that is restricted to a specific period in life and produces a long-lasting behavioral response to a particular object or individual.
93
Which of the following is a characteristic of 'Deuterostome' development?
Answer:
The blastopore becomes the anus
Deuterostomes (including echinoderms and chordates) are defined by their embryonic development, where the first opening in the embryo (blastopore) becomes the anus, and the second opening becomes the mouth.
94
What is the term for a directional movement toward or away from a stimulus?
Answer:
Taxis
Taxis is a deliberate movement relative to a stimulus. For example, phototaxis is movement in response to light, and chemotaxis is movement in response to chemicals.
95
Which group of animals has a 'pseudocoelom'?
Answer:
Roundworms (Nematoda)
Nematodes have a body cavity called a pseudocoelom, which is only partially lined by mesoderm. This cavity acts as a hydrostatic skeleton to help the worm move.
96
What is 'Kin Selection'?
Answer:
Natural selection that favors altruistic behavior by enhancing the reproductive success of relatives
Kin selection suggests that individuals can increase their 'inclusive fitness' by helping relatives survive and reproduce, as relatives carry many of the same genes.
97
Bilateral symmetry is most closely associated with which evolutionary trend?
Answer:
Cephalization (development of a head)
Bilateral symmetry allows for streamlined movement and is associated with cephalization, the concentration of sensory organs and nervous tissue at the anterior end of the body.
98
Which phylum is known for having 'stinging cells' called cnidocytes?
Answer:
Cnidaria
Cnidarians (jellyfish, corals, anemones) use specialized cells called cnidocytes, which contain stinging organelles called nematocysts, to capture prey and defend against predators.
99
The 'Waggle Dance' of honeybees is a complex behavior used to communicate:
Answer:
The location and quality of a food source
Performed by worker bees, the waggle dance conveys the distance and direction (relative to the sun) of a nectar or pollen source to other members of the hive.
100
Which class of vertebrates is characterized by having hair, three middle ear bones, and mammary glands?
Answer:
Mammalia
Mammals are distinguished by these unique synapomorphies. The middle ear bones (malleus, incus, stapes) are derived from ancestral jaw bones and provide a sophisticated sense of hearing.