Islamic Studies/Islamiat (Competitive Exams) MCQs
Topic Notes: Islamic Studies/Islamiat (Competitive Exams)
<p>MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.</p>
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
101
Which Seljuk leader was the first to assume the title of 'Sultan' after capturing Baghdad in 1055?
Answer:
Tughril Beg
Tughril Beg entered Baghdad in 1055 CE at the invitation of the Abbasid Caliph al-Qa'im. He liberated the Caliph from the influence of the Buyid dynasty. In recognition of his services and power, the Caliph granted Tughril the title of 'Sultan' and 'King of the East and West,' formalizing the Seljuk role as protectors of the Caliphate.
102
In which year did the Battle of Dandanaqan take place, marking the decisive Seljuk victory over the Ghaznavids?
Answer:
1040 CE
The Battle of Dandanaqan in 1040 CE was a turning point in Islamic history. The Seljuks, led by Tughril and Chaghri Beg, defeated the superior forces of Mas'ud I of the Ghaznavid Empire. This victory effectively ended Ghaznavid control over Khorasan and allowed the Seljuks to establish their own sovereign state.
103
The Seljuk Turks belonged to which major branch of the Turkic peoples?
Answer:
Oghuz
The Seljuks were a clan belonging to the Qinik tribe of the Oghuz (or Ghuzz) Turks. They originated from the Central Asian steppes near the Aral Sea and were part of the Oghuz Yabgu State before breaking away and migrating toward Transoxiana.
104
Who is considered the eponymous founder of the Seljuk dynasty?
Answer:
Seljuk ibn Duqaq
Seljuk ibn Duqaq was the chieftain of a branch of the Oghuz Turks who migrated to the borders of the Samanid Empire in the late 10th century. Although his grandsons Tughril and Chaghri established the empire, the dynasty bears his name because he led the initial conversion to Islam and the migration that founded their power base.