Mathematics/General Ability MCQs
Topic Notes: Mathematics/General Ability
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
131
A shopkeeper bought an article for Rs. 400 and marked it up by 50%. He sold it after offering a 20% discount. Find his profit.
Answer:
Rs. 80
CP = 400. MP = 400 + 50% of 400 = 600. Discount = 20% of 600 = 120. SP = 600 - 120 = 480. Profit = SP - CP = 480 - 400 = Rs. 80.
132
A dishonest dealer professes to sell his goods at a 10% loss but uses a false weight of 800g instead of 1 kg. His actual profit or loss percent is:
Answer:
12.5% profit
Let cost of 1000g be Rs. 100. He uses 800g, so actual CP = Rs. 80. He sells 1000g at a 10% loss based on the Rs. 100 cost, so SP = Rs. 90. He spends Rs. 80 and earns Rs. 90. Profit = 90 - 80 = 10. Profit % = (10 / 80) * 100 = 12.5% profit.
133
The cost price of an article is 80% of its marked price. What is the gain percent after allowing a discount of 12%?
Answer:
10%
Let MP = 100. CP = 80. Discount is 12% on MP, so SP = 100 - 12 = 88. Profit = SP - CP = 88 - 80 = 8. Gain % = (8 / 80) * 100 = 10%.
134
A reduction of 25% in the price of rice enables a person to buy 5 kg more for Rs. 600. What is the original price per kg?
Answer:
Rs. 40
25% of Rs. 600 is Rs. 150. This Rs. 150 buys 5 kg extra. Reduced price = 150 / 5 = Rs. 30/kg. Since reduced price is 75% of original price, Original Price = 30 / 0.75 = Rs. 40/kg.
135
A man sells two flats for Rs. 8000 each. On one he gains 10% and on the other he loses 10%. His net profit or loss percent is:
Answer:
1% loss
When two articles are sold at the same price and the profit percentage on one equals the loss percentage on the other, there is always a net loss. Loss % = (x^2)/100 = (10^2)/100 = 1% loss.
136
A tradesman marks his goods 25% above cost price and allows a 10% discount. His profit percent is:
Answer:
12.5%
Let CP = 100. MP = 125. Discount = 10% of 125 = 12.5. SP = 125 - 12.5 = 112.5. Profit = 112.5 - 100 = 12.5. Profit % = 12.5%.
137
A vendor sells 5 lemons for a rupee, gaining 40%. How many did he buy for a rupee?
Answer:
7
SP of 1 lemon = 1/5. Profit = 40%, so SP = 140% of CP. 1.4 * CP = 1/5 => CP = 1 / (5 * 1.4) = 1/7. So, he bought 7 lemons for a rupee.
138
If the profit on selling an article is 20% of its selling price, what is the actual profit percent on cost price?
Answer:
25%
Let SP = 100. Profit = 20. CP = SP - Profit = 100 - 20 = 80. Actual Profit % = (Profit / CP) * 100 = (20 / 80) * 100 = 25%.
139
A shopkeeper cheats to the extent of 20% while buying and 20% while selling by using false weights. His total gain percent is:
Answer:
44%
When cheating in both buying and selling, the effective profit is calculated by successive percentage formula: 20 + 20 + (20*20)/100 = 44%.
140
A man buys 12 pens for Rs. 10 and sells 10 pens for Rs. 12. His gain percent is:
Answer:
44%
CP of 1 pen = 10 / 12 = Rs. 5/6. SP of 1 pen = 12 / 10 = Rs. 6/5. Profit = 6/5 - 5/6 = (36 - 25) / 30 = 11 / 30. Profit % = ((11/30) / (5/6)) * 100 = (11 / 25) * 100 = 44%.