The Theory of Divine Origin is historically one of the oldest explanations for the existence of the state. It posits that the state was created by God and that the monarch is God's representative on earth, making the ruler accountable only to the divine. This theory was widely used in ancient and medieval times to justify absolute monarchy and the legitimacy of political authority.

The Evolutionary theory (or Historical theory) is widely accepted because it views the state as the result of a long, gradual process of development rather than a single event. It accounts for the influence of kinship, religion, economic organization, and the necessity of defense, suggesting that the state evolved through the slow maturation of social institutions over thousands of years of human history.

The Organic theory of the state, often associated with thinkers like Plato and later Hegel, views the state as a living organism where the individual and society are integral parts of the whole. Because it treats the state as a natural, unified entity, it inherently blurs the lines between the state's political structure and the broader social body, unlike mechanistic or liberal theories that emphasize separation.

The natural rights theory of property asserts that the right to own property is inherent to human beings and predates the formation of any political society or state. This perspective suggests that individuals acquire property rights through their labor and interaction with the natural world. Because these rights are considered pre-political, the state's role is not to create these rights, but rather to recognize and protect them as fundamental human entitlements.

The attribution of patriarchal theory to St. Paul in this context refers to his theological writings on family hierarchy, which were historically used to justify patriarchal governance. While scholars like Sir Henry Maine are more commonly associated with the formal academic study of patriarchal theory, the provided answer highlights the influence of religious texts on political thought.

The Social Contract Theory, notably developed by thinkers like Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau, posits that the state is a product of a voluntary agreement among individuals. It remains the most debated theory because it fundamentally challenges traditional notions of authority, grounding political legitimacy in the consent of the governed rather than divine right or historical force, thereby shaping the foundation of modern democratic discourse.

The Social Contract Theory, championed by thinkers like Locke and Rousseau, posits that humans possess inherent rights and freedoms in a 'state of nature' prior to the formation of organized society. This 'natural liberty' is the baseline from which individuals negotiate the creation of a political community to secure their interests.

The Social Contract theory is primarily an explanatory framework concerning the origin of the state. It posits that individuals in a 'state of nature' voluntarily agreed to form a political society and establish a government to escape insecurity or to better protect their natural rights, thereby creating the state through mutual consent.

The Evolutionary Theory, also known as the Historical Theory, argues that the state is not the result of a single event, divine intervention, or a deliberate contract. Instead, it suggests that the state is a product of long-term, continuous growth involving factors like kinship, religion, war, and political consciousness, evolving slowly over centuries into its modern form.

Sir Henry Maine, in his historical analysis of legal institutions, criticized the social contract theory for lacking historical evidence. He argued that the state evolved through gradual historical processes, such as kinship and patriarchal authority, rather than through a conscious, voluntary agreement among individuals as proposed by contract theorists.