The CSS (Central Superior Services) Exam MCQs
Topic Notes: The CSS (Central Superior Services) Exam
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
171
If you keep spending money so recklessly, you __________ bankrupt soon.
Answer:
will go
**Rule:** This is a First Conditional sentence (if + simple present, ... will + base verb) that predicts a likely future result based on a present action. The main clause states the logical consequence of reckless spending. 'will go' correctly expresses this future outcome. Option (b) is future perfect. Options (a) and (c) are incorrect.
172
The negotiations are at a delicate stage. We hope a breakthrough __________ achieved soon.
Answer:
will be
**Rule:** The Future Simple Passive ('will be' + past participle) is used here. The verb 'hope' is often followed by a 'will' clause to express a wish for the future. The passive voice is needed because the 'breakthrough' is the receiver of the action 'to achieve'. Therefore, 'will be achieved' is the correct form.
173
The parcel __________ by courier and should be with you tomorrow.
Answer:
has been sent
**Rule:** This question tests tense logic. The result ('should be with you tomorrow') depends on a completed past action. The Present Perfect Passive ('has been sent') is used to describe a recent past action with a result in the present/future. The parcel has already been dispatched. The other options are grammatically incorrect in this context.
174
The President __________ the nation on television this evening.
Answer:
will be addressing
**Rule:** The Future Continuous Tense (will be + verb-ing) can be used to refer to a formal, planned event in the future. It is a common and slightly more formal alternative to the present continuous ('is addressing') for future arrangements. Option (b) is for repeated or scheduled events. Option (d) implies the address will be finished before this evening.
175
I __________ all the Harry Potter books by the end of the summer.
Answer:
will have read
**Rule:** The Future Perfect Tense (will have + past participle) is used to express that an action will be completed by a specific time in the future. 'By the end of the summer' is the future deadline by which the action of reading all the books will be finished. Option (a) suggests the reading will be in progress at that time.
176
By the time she finishes her speech, she __________ for an hour without a break.
Answer:
will have been speaking
**Rule:** The Future Perfect Continuous Tense (will have been + verb-ing) is used to emphasize the duration ('for an hour') of an action up to a point of completion in the future ('By the time she finishes'). It focuses on the continuous act of speaking.
177
This time next year, I __________ my PhD for two years.
Answer:
will have been studying
**Rule:** The Future Perfect Continuous Tense (will have been + verb-ing) is necessary to express the duration ('for two years') of an action up to a specific point in the future ('This time next year'). It connects the length of the activity to that future milestone.
178
Don't come in with those muddy shoes! I __________ the floor!
Answer:
am going to clean
**Rule:** The 'be going to' future is used to express a plan or intention that existed before the moment of speaking. The speaker's plan to clean the floor is the reason for the command. It shows a pre-meditated action. Option (c) would be a spontaneous decision to clean, which is less likely. Option (a) is present perfect.
179
The committee __________ a decision by the end of the week.
Answer:
will have made
**Rule:** The Future Perfect Tense (will have + past participle) is used to indicate that an action will be completed by a specific future deadline. 'By the end of the week' is the deadline by which the committee will have finished the action of making a decision. Option (d) implies the process will still be ongoing.
180
By the time the play ends, the audience __________ for three hours.
Answer:
will have been watching
**Rule:** The Future Perfect Continuous Tense (will have been + verb-ing) is used to emphasize the duration ('for three hours') of an action up to a specific completion point in the future ('By the time the play ends'). It describes how long the watching will have continued.