Mathematics/General Ability MCQs
Topic Notes: Mathematics/General Ability
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
171
If the selling price is Rs. 900 and the discount is 10%, find the marked price.
Answer:
Rs. 1000
Selling Price (SP) is 90% of Marked Price (MP) because of the 10% discount. 0.90 * MP = 900. Therefore, MP = 900 / 0.90 = Rs. 1000.
172
A grocer buys two kinds of rice at Rs. 18 and Rs. 24 per kg respectively. In what ratio should these be mixed so that by selling the mixture at Rs. 24 per kg, 20% may be gained?
Answer:
2:1
SP of mixture = 25.20. Gain = 20%. CP of mixture = 25.20 / 1.20 = Rs. 21 per kg. Using alligation: Quantity of cheaper / Quantity of dearer = (24 - 21) / (21 - 18) = 3 / 3 = 1:1. Let me re-read the numbers. Cheap=18, Dear=24. Mix CP=21. (24-21)/(21-18) = 3/3 = 1:1. Wait, let me adjust the options or the question. If SP = 26.40, CP = 22. Ratio = (24-22)/(22-18) = 2/4 = 1:2. If SP = 25.2, CP = 21. Ratio = 1:1. I will change the SP to Rs. 25.2 so it's 1:1? Let's use SP = 24. CP = 20. Ratio = (24-20)/(20-18) = 4/2 = 2:1. Question: SP=24, Gain 20%. CP=20.
173
A dealer sold 3/4 of his articles at a gain of 20% and the remaining at cost price. Find the gain earned by him in the whole transaction.
Answer:
15%
Let total items be 4 and CP of each be 100. Total CP = 400. 3 items are sold at 20% gain, so SP = 3 * 120 = 360. 1 item is sold at CP, so SP = 100. Total SP = 360 + 100 = 460. Gain = 460 - 400 = 60. Gain % = (60 / 400) * 100 = 15%.
174
A shopkeeper sold an item for Rs. 6000. If he had offered a 10% discount on the marked price, he would still have earned a 20% profit. If the cost price was Rs. 4500, what was the marked price?
Answer:
Rs. 6000
CP = 4500. For a 20% profit, SP = 4500 * 1.20 = 5400. This SP is after a 10% discount on MP. So, 90% of MP = 5400 => MP = 5400 / 0.90 = Rs. 6000.
175
The difference between a discount of 35% and two successive discounts of 20% and 20% on a certain bill was Rs. 22. Find the amount of the bill.
Answer:
Rs. 2200
Successive discounts of 20% and 20% = 20 + 20 - (20*20)/100 = 36%. The difference between 36% discount and 35% discount is 1%. 1% of the bill = Rs. 22. Therefore, the bill = 22 * 100 = Rs. 2200.
176
If a man were to sell his chair for Rs. 720, he would lose 25%. To gain 25%, he should sell it for:
Answer:
Rs. 1200
Selling at 25% loss means 720 is 75% of CP. So CP = 720 / 0.75 = 960. To gain 25%, SP = 1.25 * 960 = Rs. 1200.
177
A sells a car to B at 10% loss. If B sells it for Rs. 54,000 and gains 20%, the cost price of the car for A was:
Answer:
Rs. 50,000
B's SP = 54000. B gains 20%, so B's CP = 54000 / 1.20 = 45000. B's CP is A's SP. A sold it at a 10% loss, so A's CP = 45000 / 0.90 = Rs. 50,000.
178
The marked price of an article is 50% above cost price. When marked price is increased by 20% and selling price is increased by 20%, the profit doubles. What was original marked price if original CP is Rs. 100?
Answer:
Rs. 150
CP = 100. Marked Price is 50% above CP, so MP = 150. (The rest of the problem confirms properties, but the question explicitly asks for original marked price based on the initial statement).
179
A person bought an article and sold it at a loss of 10%. If he had bought it for 20% less and sold it for Rs. 55 more, he would have made a profit of 40%. The cost price of the article is:
Answer:
Rs. 250
Let CP = 100x. First SP = 90x. New CP = 80x. New SP = 80x * 1.40 = 112x. The difference in SP is 112x - 90x = 22x. We are given 22x = 55. So, x = 55 / 22 = 2.5. Original CP = 100x = 100 * 2.5 = Rs. 250.
180
A shopkeeper mixes two types of sugar, 15 kg of type A at Rs. 40/kg and 25 kg of type B at Rs. 60/kg. He sells the mixture at Rs. 55/kg. What is his profit percentage?
Answer:
4.7%
Total CP = (15 * 40) + (25 * 60) = 600 + 1500 = Rs. 2100. Total amount = 40 kg. Total SP = 40 * 55 = Rs. 2200. Profit = 2200 - 2100 = 100. Profit % = (100 / 2100) * 100 = 100 / 21 ≈ 4.76%.