General Science/Everyday Science MCQs
Topic Notes: General Science/Everyday Science
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
11
Hepatitis A is a disease that affects which organ in the human body?
Answer:
Liver
Hepatitis refers to the inflammation of the liver. Hepatitis A is a viral infection usually spread through contaminated food or water. It causes symptoms like jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), fatigue, and abdominal pain.
12
Which type of bonding involves the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another?
Answer:
Ionic
Ionic bonding occurs when an atom (usually a metal) loses electrons to another atom (usually a non-metal), resulting in the formation of positive and negative ions that attract each other electrostatically.
13
Which of the following is considered a 'non-communicable' condition that can result from a microbial infection?
Answer:
Rheumatic heart disease (following a strep throat infection)
While most infections are communicable (spread person-to-person), some lead to non-communicable complications. For example, an untreated bacterial 'strep throat' can trigger an autoimmune response leading to Rheumatic heart disease, which itself cannot be passed to others.
14
Which of the following is a waterborne disease that affects the digestive system?
Answer:
Typhoid Fever
Typhoid Fever is caused by Salmonella typhi bacteria, usually through the ingestion of contaminated food or water. It affects the intestinal tract and can spread to the bloodstream, causing systemic symptoms like high fever and weakness.
15
What happens to the pressure of a gas if its temperature is increased while volume is held constant?
Answer:
It increases
According to Gay-Lussac's Law, pressure is directly proportional to Kelvin temperature at constant volume. Higher temperature means particles move faster and hit the walls harder and more frequently.
16
What is the causative agent of 'Typhoid fever'?
Answer:
Salmonella typhi (Bacterium)
Typhoid fever is caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi. It is characterized by high fever, headache, and abdominal pain. It is spread through contaminated food and water, often where sanitation is poor.
17
Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus and primarily spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes?
Answer:
Influenza
Influenza (the flu) is caused by the influenza virus and is highly contagious via respiratory droplets. While Tuberculosis is also airborne, it is caused by a bacterium. Influenza viruses mutate frequently, which is why seasonal outbreaks occur.
18
What is the primary goal of 'quarantine' during a disease outbreak?
Answer:
To restrict the movement of people who may have been exposed to a pathogen
Quarantine is used to separate and restrict the movement of people who were exposed to a contagious disease to see if they become sick. This helps prevent the spread of the disease to others before the person even shows symptoms.
19
Which of the following describes the 'incubation period' of a disease?
Answer:
The time between infection and the appearance of the first symptoms
The incubation period is the 'silent' stage of an infection where the pathogen is multiplying within the host's body but hasn't yet caused enough damage or immune response to produce noticeable symptoms.
20
Evaporation is a surface phenomenon that results in:
Answer:
Cooling of the liquid
Evaporation causes cooling because the high-energy particles escape from the surface, leaving behind particles with lower average kinetic energy, thus lowering the temperature of the remaining liquid.