Pakistan Studies/Affairs MCQs
Topic Notes: Pakistan Studies/Affairs
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
11
Who were the 'English Nawabs' mentioned in the context of the need for the Regulating Act?
Answer:
Company officials who returned rich and corrupt
The term described corrupt Company officials who amassed huge fortunes in India and returned to Britain to live extravagant lives, drawing public resentment.
12
The Regulating Act changed the constitution of the Company at home by altering the voting rights in the:
Answer:
Court of Proprietors
The constitutional change at home involved raising the voting qualification in the Court of Proprietors (shareholders) to restrict influence to major shareholders.
13
Before the Regulating Act of 1773, the three Presidencies (Bengal, Madras, Bombay) were:
Answer:
Independent of each other
Prior to 1773, the three presidencies were independent of each other, each with its own government responsible only to the Court of Directors in England.
14
The Regulating Act was the first step towards creating what kind of administration in India?
Answer:
Centralized
The Act is noted for initiating the process of centralization by subordinating other presidencies to Bengal and creating a central Governor General.
15
What specifically did the Regulating Act forbid regarding 'presents'?
Answer:
Accepting presents from natives
To curb corruption, the Act strictly prohibited any person holding civil or military office under the Company from accepting any present, donation, or gratuity from the natives.
16
The Governor General under the Regulating Act had direct control over which presidency?
Answer:
Presidency of Fort William (Bengal)
The Governor General was specifically the Governor of the Presidency of Fort William (Bengal) and exercised direct administration over it, while supervising the others.
17
What was the main reason the Regulating Act was considered a failure in practice?
Answer:
It created a powerless Governor General and a conflict-prone Supreme Court
The Act rendered the Governor General powerless before a hostile council majority and created a Supreme Court with undefined jurisdiction, leading to administrative deadlock.
18
The Regulating Act provided that appeals from the Supreme Court could be taken to:
Answer:
The King-in-Council
Appeals from the provincial courts went to the Governor-General-in-Council, but appeals from the Supreme Court could be taken to the King-in-Council in Britain.
19
Which Act was passed in 1781 to remedy the defects of the Regulating Act of 1773?
Answer:
The Amending Act (Act of Settlement)
The Amending Act of 1781 was passed to exempt the actions of public servants from the Supreme Court's jurisdiction and address the conflicts arising from the Regulating Act.
20
The Regulating Act of 1773 failed to clarify the subordination of which officials to the Governor General?
Answer:
Governors of Madras and Bombay
While it attempted to subordinate the Governors of Madras and Bombay, the provisions were vague (allowing exceptions for 'emergencies'), leading to continued independent actions by these Governors.