Pakistan Studies/Affairs MCQs
Topic Notes: Pakistan Studies/Affairs
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
11
Which historical alliance demanded the 'Six Points' which eventually led to the 1971 constitutional crisis?
Answer:
Awami League
The Six Points program, presented by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman of the Awami League in 1966, demanded a high degree of provincial autonomy for East Pakistan. The failure of the central government and other alliances to agree on a constitutional framework based on these points led to the 1971 crisis.
12
The '19th Amendment' (2011) was passed primarily to refine the process of:
Answer:
Judicial Appointments
Passed shortly after the 18th Amendment, the 19th Amendment refined the membership and process of the Judicial Commission for the appointment of judges, following concerns raised by the Supreme Court in its review of the 18th Amendment.
13
The 'National Security Council' (NSC) was given a constitutional status briefly by which amendment?
Answer:
17th Amendment
The 17th Amendment (2003) under Musharraf provided a legal basis for the National Security Council, which included military chiefs and civilian leaders. This was seen as a way to institutionalize the military's role in the highest decision-making process of the state.
14
Which alliance was formed in 1956 to support the 'One Unit' scheme and President Iskander Mirza?
Answer:
Republican Party
The Republican Party was formed in 1956 by Dr. Khan Sahib and was backed by President Iskander Mirza. It was a coalition of various factions within West Pakistan designed to maintain central control through the One Unit administrative structure.
15
The '15th Amendment' (Shariat Bill), which failed to pass the Senate in 1998, was proposed by which Prime Minister?
Answer:
Nawaz Sharif
Nawaz Sharif proposed the 15th Amendment in 1998, which aimed to make the Quran and Sunnah the 'Supreme Law of the Land' and give the PM powers to enforce Sharia. It was passed by the National Assembly but failed in the Senate due to strong opposition from secular and regional parties.
16
Which article of the 1973 Constitution was suspended during the 'Emergency' of November 2007 by Pervez Musharraf?
Answer:
Fundamental Rights (Articles 8-28)
When Musharraf declared emergency on November 3, 2007, he issued a Provisional Constitutional Order (PCO) that suspended the constitution, specifically the fundamental rights of citizens, and forced judges to take a new oath under the PCO.
17
In the 1990s, the use of Article 58-2(b) led to the dismissal of how many elected governments?
Answer:
3
Article 58-2(b) was used three times in the 1990s: against Benazir Bhutto in 1990, Nawaz Sharif in 1993, and Benazir Bhutto again in 1996. (It was also used earlier against Junejo in 1988).
18
The '8th Amendment' gave the President the power to appoint which high-ranking official at his 'discretion'?
Answer:
All of the above
The 8th Amendment (1985) empowered the President to appoint the PM, the Chiefs of the Army, Navy, and Air Force, and the Provincial Governors at his own discretion, significantly tilting the balance of power toward the presidency.
19
Which political alliance was nicknamed the 'Nine Stars' during its movement in 1977?
Answer:
PNA
The Pakistan National Alliance (PNA) was referred to as the 'Nine Stars' because it was composed of nine political parties that used a star symbol in their campaign against the PPP government in 1977.
20
The '21st Amendment' (2015) was passed in the aftermath of the APS Peshawar attack to allow for:
Answer:
Military Courts to try civilians accused of terrorism
The 21st Amendment was a 'sunset' clause amendment that established military courts for the speedy trial of terrorists for a period of two years. It was a controversial but consensus-based political move following the 2014 school massacre.