General Science/Everyday Science MCQs
Topic Notes: General Science/Everyday Science
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
191
Which of these is a protozoan disease transmitted by the bite of a sandfly?
Answer:
Leishmaniasis
Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. It is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected female phlebotomine sandflies and can cause skin ulcers or affect internal organs.
192
Which of the following is a bacterial disease that often enters the body through deep cuts or wounds, leading to muscle stiffness?
Answer:
Tetanus
Tetanus is caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani, which is commonly found in soil and manure. When it enters a wound, it produces a toxin that affects the nervous system, causing painful muscle contractions, particularly in the jaw and neck (lockjaw).
193
Which element has the electron configuration $[Ne] 3s^2 3p^1$?
Answer:
Aluminum
The total number of electrons is 10 (from Neon core) + 2 + 1 = 13. Aluminum is the element with atomic number 13.
194
Which of the following is an example of an 'airborne' disease?
Answer:
Chickenpox
Chickenpox is highly contagious and spreads through the air when an infected person breathes, talks, coughs, or sneezes. The virus can also spread through contact with the fluid from the blisters, but the airborne route is a major pathway.
195
Which state of matter is the most compressible?
Answer:
Gas
Gases are highly compressible because their particles are separated by large distances. Applying pressure reduces the empty space between these particles, significantly decreasing the volume.
196
Which of the following describes the transmission of 'Chickenpox'?
Answer:
Direct contact with the blisters or inhalation of airborne droplets
Chickenpox (Varicella) is highly contagious. It spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes, and also by direct contact with the fluid that leaks from the itchy, fluid-filled blisters (rash).
197
What is the primary way 'Polio' is transmitted?
Answer:
Through the fecal-oral route (contaminated food or water)
The poliovirus is mainly spread through the fecal-oral route. This often happens in areas with poor sanitation where the virus from the feces of an infected person contaminates the water supply or food eaten by others.
198
Which of the following describes the 'Excited State' of an atom?
Answer:
When an electron has moved to a higher energy level
An atom enters an excited state when it absorbs energy, causing an electron to move from its ground state (lowest energy level) to a higher, less stable energy level.
199
An element has an atomic number of 20. In which group and period is it located?
Answer:
Group 2, Period 4
The electronic configuration of atomic number 20 (Calcium) is 2, 8, 8, 2. It has 4 shells (Period 4) and 2 valence electrons (Group 2).
200
Which of the following is a key preventive measure against waterborne diseases like Typhoid and Dysentery?
Answer:
Boiling or treating drinking water
Since waterborne pathogens are ingested, ensuring that drinking water is free from contamination is the most effective prevention. Boiling water kills most bacteria, viruses, and protozoa, making it safe for consumption.