Pakistan Studies/Affairs MCQs
Topic Notes: Pakistan Studies/Affairs
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
191
To which historical epoch does the flourishing period of the Indus Valley Civilization belong?
Answer:
Chalcolithic
The civilization flourished during the Chalcolithic (Copper-Stone) age and the Bronze Age. This period is characterized by the use of copper and bronze for tools and weapons, succeeding the Neolithic era.
192
Following the partition of India, which Indian state has yielded the highest number of Harappan sites?
Answer:
Gujarat
Post-1947, extensive archaeological surveys in India discovered that Gujarat contains the largest concentration of Harappan settlements. notable sites include Lothal, Dholavira, and Rangpur.
193
What is considered the primary factor that led to the eventual decline of the Harappan Civilization?
Answer:
Not definitely known factors
While there are various theories regarding the decline—such as Aryan invasion, tectonic shifts, or ecological changes—no single factor is definitely known. Excavations suggest a gradual decline between 1800 BC and 1700 BC rather than a sudden end.
194
Excavations at Mohenjo-daro have revealed approximately how many distinct layers of settlement?
Answer:
7
Archaeologists have identified seven distinct layers of inhabitation at Mohenjo-daro. These layers indicate that the city was destroyed and rebuilt multiple times, likely due to recurring flooding from the Indus River.
195
Which specific feature allowed the Harappan Civilization to demonstrate a level of advancement superior to contemporary civilizations like Sumer and Elam?
Answer:
Town planning
The Harappan culture is renowned for its immaculate town planning, which distinguishes it from other ancient civilizations. The cities were designed with a grid system, organized drainage, granaries, and structured residential areas, reflecting the work of brilliant architectural engineering.
196
Which domesticated animal is notably absent from the terracotta figurines of the Indus Civilization?
Answer:
Cow
Terracotta figurines excavated from Harappan sites frequently depict oxen, buffaloes, pigs, goats, sheep, and humped bulls. However, the cow is notably absent from this art form. The cow became a central figure of importance later during the Vedic culture.
197
Which Harappan site is credited with having the most impressive and scientific drainage system?
Answer:
Mohenjo-daro
The drainage system of Mohenjo-daro is considered the most elaborate and advanced of antiquity. It featured covered brick drains, soak pits, and manholes, reflecting a municipal focus on hygiene that was unmatched by any other contemporary civilization.
198
Which combination of crops was cultivated by the Harappan people?
Answer:
Wheat, Barley, Peas, and Cotton
The Harappans had a diverse agricultural portfolio. They grew wheat and barley as staples, along with peas, lentils, linseed, and mustard. They are also credited with being the first to cultivate cotton. While rice remains were found, it was not a primary crop compared to wheat and barley.
199
Which of the following Indus Valley sites is currently located in Pakistan?
Answer:
Harappa
Harappa is located in the Punjab Province of Pakistan on the old bed of the River Ravi. Conversely, Kalibangan (Rajasthan), Alamgirpur (Uttar Pradesh), and Lothal (Gujarat) are all located within modern-day India.
200
Which of the following Harappan sites is NOT located in the state of Gujarat?
Answer:
Sutkagan Dor
Sutkagan Dor is the westernmost known archaeological site of the Indus Valley Civilization. It is located in the Baluchistan province of Pakistan, near the Iranian border, whereas Rangpur, Surkotada, and Desalpur are located in Gujarat, India.