Mathematics/General Ability MCQs
Topic Notes: Mathematics/General Ability
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
201
A shopkeeper purchased 70 kg of potatoes for Rs. 420 and sold the whole lot at the rate of Rs. 6.50 per kg. What will be his gain percent?
Answer:
8 1/3%
Total Cost Price = Rs. 420. Total Selling Price = 70 * 6.50 = Rs. 455. Profit = 455 - 420 = Rs. 35. Profit % = (35 / 420) * 100 = (1 / 12) * 100 = 8.33% or 8 1/3%.
202
A man bought some pencils at 6 for Rs. 5 and sold them at 5 for Rs. 6. What is his overall profit percentage?
Answer:
44%
Let total pencils bought be 30 (LCM of 5 and 6). Total CP = (5/6) * 30 = Rs. 25. Total SP = (6/5) * 30 = Rs. 36. Profit = 36 - 25 = 11. Profit % = (11 / 25) * 100 = 44%.
203
The marked price of a shirt is Rs. 500. A shopkeeper allows 20% discount and still makes a profit of 25%. Find the cost price of the shirt.
Answer:
Rs. 320
Marked Price = Rs. 500. Discount = 20%, so SP = 80% of 500 = 400. The shopkeeper makes 25% profit, so SP = 125% of CP. 1.25 * CP = 400 => CP = 400 / 1.25 = Rs. 320.
204
A person incurs a 5% loss by selling a watch for Rs. 1140. At what price should the watch be sold to earn a 5% profit?
Answer:
Rs. 1260
A 5% loss means SP = 95% of CP. So, 0.95 * CP = 1140 => CP = 1140 / 0.95 = 1200. For a 5% profit, SP = 105% of CP = 1.05 * 1200 = Rs. 1260.
205
The ratio of the cost price to the selling price of an article is 4:5. What is the profit percent?
Answer:
25%
CP : SP = 4 : 5. Let CP = 4 and SP = 5. Profit = 5 - 4 = 1. Profit % = (Profit / CP) * 100 = (1 / 4) * 100 = 25%.
206
A vendor sells 36 oranges for a rupee and suffers a loss of 4%. How many oranges must he sell for a rupee to gain 8%?
Answer:
32
SP of 1 orange = 1/36. This is at a 4% loss, so 0.96 * CP = 1/36 => CP = 1 / (36 * 0.96). To gain 8%, the new SP of 1 orange = 1.08 * CP = 1.08 / (36 * 0.96) = 108 / (36 * 96) = 3 / 96 = 1 / 32. He should sell 32 oranges for a rupee.
207
A man buys a radio for Rs. 800 and spends Rs. 400 on repairs. If he sells it for Rs. 1500, find his profit percentage.
Answer:
25%
Total Cost Price = Initial Price + Repairs = 800 + 400 = 1200. Selling Price = 1500. Profit = 1500 - 1200 = 300. Profit % = (Profit / Total CP) * 100 = (300 / 1200) * 100 = 25%.
208
A shopkeeper expects a gain of 22.5% on his cost price. If in a week his sale was of Rs. 392, what was his profit?
Answer:
Rs. 72
Let CP be x. Gain is 22.5% of x. Sale (SP) = CP + Profit = x + 0.225x = 1.225x. Given 1.225x = 392. x = 392 / 1.225 = 320. Profit = SP - CP = 392 - 320 = Rs. 72.
209
If the profit on selling an article is 25% of its selling price, what is the actual profit percent?
Answer:
33.33%
Let Selling Price (SP) = 100. Profit = 25% of SP = 25. Cost Price (CP) = SP - Profit = 100 - 25 = 75. Actual Profit % (which is always calculated on CP) = (25 / 75) * 100 = (1 / 3) * 100 = 33.33%.
210
If an article is sold at 200% profit, the ratio of its cost price to its selling price will be:
Answer:
1:3
Let CP = 100. Profit = 200% of CP = 200. SP = CP + Profit = 100 + 200 = 300. Ratio of CP to SP = 100 : 300 = 1 : 3.