The CSS (Central Superior Services) Exam MCQs
Topic Notes: The CSS (Central Superior Services) Exam
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
211
Don't count your chickens before they hatch; you haven't received the official job offer yet.
Answer:
You should not make plans that depend on something good happening before you know that it has actually happened.
**Rule: Understanding Idiomatic Expressions.** The proverb 'don't count your chickens before they hatch' is advice to not be too confident in a future outcome and not to make plans based on it until it is certain. The fact that the job offer isn't 'official yet' means the outcome is not certain. Option (a) is the correct explanation. Option (b) is a literal interpretation. Option (c) is the opposite of the caution advised by the proverb. Option (d) is illogical.
212
The children were running riot in the house while their parents were away.
Answer:
behaving in a wild and uncontrolled way
**Rule: Understanding Idiomatic Expressions.** The idiom 'run riot' means to behave in a noisy, violent, and uncontrolled manner. This is a common way to describe children who are left unsupervised. Option (c) is the correct definition. Option (a) and (d) are the opposite of this behavior. Option (b) implies an organized protest, whereas 'run riot' implies chaos.
213
After years of hard work, her efforts finally bore fruit and she became a successful author.
Answer:
produced a successful result
**Rule: Understanding Idiomatic Expressions.** The idiom 'bear fruit' means to yield positive or successful results. Becoming a 'successful author' is the positive result of her 'years of hard work.' Option (a) is the correct definition. Option (b) and (d) are literal misinterpretations. Option (c) is the opposite of the idiom's meaning.
214
He tried to explain the complex theory, but it was all Greek to me.
Answer:
it was something I could not understand at all
**Rule: Understanding Idiomatic Expressions.** The idiom 'it's all Greek to me' is used to say that one does not understand something at all, as if it were in a foreign language one does not speak. A 'complex theory' can often be incomprehensible to a non-expert. Option (c) is the correct definition. Option (a) is a literal interpretation. Option (b) is the opposite. Option (d) might be true, but it is not the meaning of the idiom.
215
The company is on its last legs and is expected to declare bankruptcy soon.
Answer:
about to fail or come to an end
**Rule: Understanding Idiomatic Expressions.** The idiom 'on its last legs' refers to something that is in a very weak state and near to collapse, failure, or death. The expectation of bankruptcy clearly indicates that the company is failing. Option (a) is the correct definition. Option (b) and (c) are incorrect interpretations of 'legs.' Option (d) is the opposite of the idiom's meaning.
216
He passed the exam by the skin of his teeth.
Answer:
only just barely; by a very narrow margin
**Rule: Understanding Idiomatic Expressions.** The idiom 'by the skin of one's teeth' means to only just manage to do something; to succeed by the smallest possible margin. Since teeth do not have skin, the 'margin' is essentially zero, emphasizing how close to failure one was. Option (d) is the correct definition. Option (a) is the opposite. Option (b) is a possible reason for passing, but not the meaning of the idiom. Option (c) is a nonsensical literal interpretation.
217
The lawyer's argument did not cut any ice with the jury.
Answer:
fail to make an impression or have an effect
**Rule: Understanding Idiomatic Expressions.** The idiom 'cut no ice' (usually used in the negative) means to fail to have any influence or impact. If the lawyer's argument had no effect on the jury, it means they were not persuaded by it. Option (a) is the correct definition. Option (b) and (c) are literal misinterpretations. Option (d) is the opposite.
218
After his friend betrayed him, he decided to give him a taste of his own medicine.
Answer:
treat someone in the same unpleasant way they have treated you
**Rule: Understanding Idiomatic Expressions.** The idiom 'a taste of one's own medicine' means to receive the same kind of negative treatment that one has given to others. It is essentially retaliation in kind. Betrayal is an unpleasant act, and the idiom implies an equally unpleasant response. Option (a) is the correct definition. Option (b) and (d) are literal misinterpretations. Option (c) is the opposite of retaliation.
219
I'm at the end of my rope with these constant computer problems.
Answer:
at the limit of one's patience or endurance
**Rule: Understanding Idiomatic Expressions.** The idiom 'at the end of one's rope' (or 'tether') means to be in a state where one can no longer cope with a difficult situation due to frustration or exhaustion. 'Constant computer problems' can easily lead to this state. Option (b) is the correct definition. Option (a) is a literal interpretation. Option (c) is unrelated. Option (d) is the opposite of the idiom's meaning.
220
She has to juggle a full-time job with the demands of raising three children.
Answer:
manage and balance several different activities or roles at the same time
**Rule: Understanding Idiomatic Expressions.** The verb 'to juggle' is used idiomatically to mean to cope with several demanding tasks or responsibilities simultaneously. Balancing a 'full-time job' and 'raising three children' is a classic example of this. Option (b) is the correct definition. Option (a) and (c) refer to literal juggling. Option (d) suggests a choice, whereas the idiom implies managing both at once.