Mathematics/General Ability MCQs
Topic Notes: Mathematics/General Ability
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
221
A merchant marks his goods 50% above cost price and allows a discount of 10% for cash payment. Find his profit percentage.
Answer:
35%
Let CP = 100. MP = 100 + 50 = 150. A 10% discount on MP gives SP = 150 - (10% of 150) = 150 - 15 = 135. Profit = SP - CP = 135 - 100 = 35. Profit % = 35%.
222
Raju buys a machine for Rs. 8000 and spends Rs. 2000 on its repair. He then sells it at a 25% profit. Find the selling price.
Answer:
Rs. 12500
Total Cost Price = Purchase Price + Repair Cost = 8000 + 2000 = Rs. 10000. Profit is 25%, so SP = Total CP * 1.25. SP = 10000 * 1.25 = Rs. 12500.
223
A TV is sold at an 8% gain. Had it been sold for Rs. 2500 more, the gain would have been 18%. The cost price of the TV is:
Answer:
Rs. 25000
Difference in gain percentage = 18% - 8% = 10%. This 10% of the Cost Price corresponds to the Rs. 2500 difference in selling price. 10% of CP = 2500 => CP = 2500 * 10 = Rs. 25000.
224
A shopkeeper sells 20% of his stock at 10% profit and remaining at 20% profit. His overall profit is:
Answer:
18%
Let total stock be 100 units with CP of 1 per unit. Total CP = 100. 20 units sold at 10% profit gives profit of 20 * 0.10 = 2. 80 units sold at 20% profit gives profit of 80 * 0.20 = 16. Total profit = 2 + 16 = 18. Overall profit % = (18 / 100) * 100 = 18%.
225
The ratio of Cost Price and Marked Price of an article is 2:3 and ratio of percentage profit and percentage discount is 3:2. What is the discount percentage?
Answer:
16.66%
Let CP = 200, MP = 300. Profit % = 3x, Discount % = 2x. SP = CP * (1 + 3x/100) = 200 + 6x. Also SP = MP * (1 - 2x/100) = 300 - 6x. Equating both SPs: 200 + 6x = 300 - 6x => 12x = 100 => x = 100/12 = 25/3. Discount % = 2x = 2 * (25/3) = 50/3 = 16.66%.
226
A trader mixes two kinds of pulses costing Rs. 50 per kg and Rs. 70 per kg in the ratio 2:3. At what price should he sell the mixture to earn a 20% profit?
Answer:
Rs. 74.4
Let he mixes 2 kg and 3 kg. Total CP = (2 * 50) + (3 * 70) = 100 + 210 = 310. Total weight = 5 kg. CP per kg = 310 / 5 = Rs. 62. For a 20% profit, SP = 62 * 1.20 = Rs. 74.4 per kg.
227
I bought 100 kg of wheat at Rs. 12 per kg. I sold 40 kg at a 5% loss. At what profit percent should I sell the remaining wheat to gain 10% on the whole?
Answer:
20%
Total CP = 100 * 12 = 1200. Total required profit = 10% of 1200 = 120. SP of 40 kg sold at 5% loss: CP = 40 * 12 = 480. Loss = 5% of 480 = 24. So far, profit is -24. Remaining 60 kg cost = 60 * 12 = 720. Let profit on this be P. Total profit = P - 24 = 120 => P = 144. Profit % = (144 / 720) * 100 = 20%.
228
A man buys 2 items for Rs. 4000 each. He sells one at a profit of 15% and the other at a loss of 15%. What is his net profit or loss?
Answer:
No profit no loss
When two articles have the same Cost Price and one is sold at x% profit and the other at x% loss, there is absolutely no profit and no loss on the whole transaction. (Note: this is different from selling at the same SP).
229
A dealer sells goods at a 10% loss on cost price but uses a 20% lesser weight. What is his percentage profit or loss?
Answer:
12.5% profit
Let true CP for 1000g be Rs. 100. He uses 20% less weight, so he gives 800g. Cost to the dealer for 800g = Rs. 80. He sells the false 1kg at a 10% loss on marked cost, so SP = Rs. 90. He spends Rs. 80 and earns Rs. 90. Profit = 90 - 80 = 10. Profit % = (10 / 80) * 100 = 12.5%.
230
By selling 33 meters of cloth, a person gains the cost price of 11 meters. Find his gain percent.
Answer:
33.33%
Let CP of 1 meter be Re. 1. Total CP for 33 meters = Rs. 33. Gain = CP of 11 meters = Rs. 11. Gain % = (Gain / Total CP) * 100 = (11 / 33) * 100 = 33.33%.