General Science/Everyday Science MCQs
Topic Notes: General Science/Everyday Science
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
241
The term “Eco” implies:
Answer:
Environment
From the Greek “oikos” (house/home), eco- prefixes relate to environment or habitat. Ecotone means a transition zone between ecosystems. Soil is an abiotic component within the environment.
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242
An example of an abiotic component is:
Answer:
Soil
Abiotic components are non-living factors like soil, water, air, and light. Plants, animals, and microbes are biotic. Abiotic factors shape habitat conditions.
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243
DDT is a ______ pollutant:
Answer:
Non-biodegradable (persistent)
DDT resists degradation and persists in ecosystems, leading to bioaccumulation and biomagnification. Its persistence prompted bans/restrictions. It exemplifies persistent organic pollutants (POPs).
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244
An example of a **physical** pollutant is:
Answer:
Radiation
Physical pollutants include heat, noise, and radiation—forms of energy or physical agents. Suspended solids (turbidity) also represent physical pollution, but among these options radiation is the clearest physical agent.
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245
The method of integrating trees with agricultural crops simultaneously is:
Answer:
Agroforestry
Agroforestry improves soil, microclimate, and productivity by combining trees and crops (or livestock). It enhances biodiversity and resilience. Reforestation restores forests but not necessarily with crops.
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246
The accumulation of non-biodegradable pesticides at higher trophic levels is called:
Answer:
Biomagnification
Concentrations increase as toxins move up food chains. Bioaccumulation occurs within an organism; biomagnification across trophic levels. DDT and methylmercury are classic examples.
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247
The “ozone umbrella” is located in which atmospheric layer?
Answer:
tmospheric layer?
Stratospheric ozone shields Earth from harmful UV. Depletion increases UV exposure and health risks. Protection via the Montreal Protocol has aided recovery.
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248
Rainwater harvesting is a major method implemented for:
Answer:
Water conservation
Collecting and storing rainwater augments supply, reduces runoff, and recharges aquifers. It indirectly benefits soils and ecosystems. It’s vital in water-stressed regions.
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249
The multilayered gaseous envelope surrounding Earth is the:
Answer:
Atmosphere
The atmosphere includes the troposphere up to the thermosphere/ exosphere. The ionosphere is an electrically active part within upper layers. Lithosphere is the rigid outer Earth; hydrosphere is water bodies.
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250
Many wild plants and animals are on the verge of extinction mainly due to:
Answer:
All of the above
Habitat loss, climate change, and resource scarcity all threaten species. Synergistic pressures increase extinction risk. Conservation needs to address all drivers.
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