Mathematics/General Ability MCQs
Topic Notes: Mathematics/General Ability
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
251
A shopkeeper professes to sell his goods at cost price but uses a weight of 800 gm instead of 1 kg. Thus, he makes a profit of:
Answer:
25%
He delivers 800 gm but charges for 1000 gm. His actual cost is the price of 800 gm, and his profit is the equivalent of 200 gm. Profit % = (Error / True Value - Error) * 100 = (200 / 800) * 100 = 25%.
252
A man buys 10 articles for Rs. 8 and sells them at 8 for Rs. 10. Find his gain percent.
Answer:
56.25%
CP of 1 article = 8 / 10 = Rs. 0.80. SP of 1 article = 10 / 8 = Rs. 1.25. Profit = 1.25 - 0.80 = Rs. 0.45. Gain % = (Profit / CP) * 100 = (0.45 / 0.80) * 100 = (45 / 80) * 100 = 56.25%.
253
A loss of 19% gets converted into a profit of 17% when the selling price is increased by Rs. 162. The cost price of the article is:
Answer:
Rs. 450
The change in price from a 19% loss to a 17% profit represents a total change of 19% + 17% = 36% of the Cost Price (CP). So, 36% of CP = 162. CP = (162 * 100) / 36 = Rs. 450.
254
A shopkeeper bought 80 kg of sugar at Rs. 13.50 per kg and mixed it with 120 kg sugar at Rs. 16 per kg. If he is to make a profit of 16%, what should be the selling price per kg?
Answer:
Rs. 17.40
Total Cost Price = (80 * 13.50) + (120 * 16) = 1080 + 1920 = Rs. 3000. Total quantity = 80 + 120 = 200 kg. Cost Price per kg = 3000 / 200 = Rs. 15 per kg. To make a 16% profit, SP = 15 * 1.16 = Rs. 17.40 per kg.
255
A tradesman marks his goods at such a price that after allowing a discount of 15%, he makes a profit of 20%. What is the marked price of an article whose cost price is Rs. 170?
Answer:
Rs. 240
CP = 170. Profit = 20%. SP = CP * 1.20 = 170 * 1.20 = Rs. 204. The dealer allows a 15% discount on the Marked Price (MP), so SP = 85% of MP. Therefore, 0.85 * MP = 204. MP = 204 / 0.85 = 240. The marked price is Rs. 240.
256
If selling price is doubled, the profit triples. Find the profit percent.
Answer:
100%
Let original CP = x and original SP = y. Original profit = y - x. If SP is doubled, new SP = 2y. New profit = 2y - x. Given that new profit is triple the original profit: 2y - x = 3(y - x) => 2y - x = 3y - 3x => y = 2x. Original profit = 2x - x = x. Profit % = (Profit / CP) * 100 = (x / x) * 100 = 100%.
257
A man sold two steel chairs for Rs. 500 each. On one, he gains 20% and on the other, he loses 12%. How much does he gain or lose in the whole transaction?
Answer:
1.5% gain
Total SP = 500 + 500 = 1000. CP of first chair = 500 / 1.20 = 416.67. CP of second chair = 500 / 0.88 = 568.18. Total CP = 416.67 + 568.18 = 984.85. Since SP (1000) > Total CP (984.85), there is a gain. Gain = 1000 - 984.85 = 15.15. Gain % = (15.15 / 984.85) * 100 ≈ 1.5% gain.
258
A fruit seller buys lemons at 2 for a rupee and sells them at 5 for three rupees. His gain percent is:
Answer:
20%
Cost Price of 1 lemon = Rs. 1/2 = Rs. 0.50. Selling Price of 1 lemon = Rs. 3/5 = Rs. 0.60. Profit on 1 lemon = 0.60 - 0.50 = 0.10. Profit % = (0.10 / 0.50) * 100 = 20%.
259
By selling an article for Rs. 100, a man gains Rs. 15. Then, his gain percent is:
Answer:
17.64%
Selling Price (SP) = 100. Gain = 15. Cost Price (CP) = SP - Gain = 100 - 15 = 85. Gain % = (Gain / CP) * 100 = (15 / 85) * 100 = (3 / 17) * 100 ≈ 17.64%.
260
A merchant buys an article for Rs. 27 and sells it at a profit of 10% of the selling price. The selling price of the article is:
Answer:
Rs. 30
Let the Selling Price be SP. Profit = 10% of SP = 0.1 * SP. Cost Price = SP - Profit = SP - 0.1 * SP = 0.9 * SP. We are given CP = 27. Therefore, 0.9 * SP = 27. SP = 27 / 0.9 = Rs. 30.