Computer Science - IT MCQs
Topic Notes: Computer Science - IT
<p>MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.</p>
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
21
Why is data system management considered a viable long-term independent business function?
Answer:
An integrated database accessible to all requires independent management
Data system management remains a distinct business function because an organization's data is a shared corporate asset.
22
Which term best describes a collection of related data fields, such as a telephone number, birth date, and customer name, treated as a single unit?
Answer:
a record
In database management, a record is a collection of related fields that represent a single entity or item. For example, all the information pertaining to one specific customer constitutes a single record within a database table.
23
Which type of file is used to store permanent data that is updated during transaction processing?
Answer:
Master file
A master file is a collection of records that contains permanent or semi-permanent data. It is updated periodically by processing transaction files, which contain the details of individual events or activities.
24
What is the primary function of Microsoft Office InterConnect?
Answer:
Business-relationship database
Microsoft Office InterConnect was a specialized software application designed to help small businesses manage their professional contacts and business relationships.
25
Where are the attributes and methods associated with each object typically stored in a software environment?
Answer:
an object repository
An object repository is a centralized location or database used in software testing and development to store information about objects.
26
What are the two primary methods used for accessing records in a database?
Answer:
sequential, random
The two fundamental ways to access data records are sequential access, where records are read one after another, and random (or direct) access, where any record can be accessed directly by its address or key without reading preceding records.
27
Which term describes distinct items that lack significant meaning when viewed in isolation?
Answer:
Data
Data refers to raw facts, figures, or symbols that have not yet been processed or organized. In a computing context, data becomes information only after it has been processed, structured, or interpreted.
28
What is the term for a specific data value used to signal an important state or the end of a sequence in input or output?
Answer:
Sentinel
A sentinel value, often referred to as a flag or dummy value, is a special data element used in algorithms to indicate the end of a data stream or a specific condition.
29
What are the two fundamental methods used for accessing records in a data storage system?
Answer:
sequential and random
Sequential access reads records in order. Random access retrieves any record directly via its address/key. These are fundamental for efficient data storage and retrieval, allowing different ways to manage and process data based on application needs.
30
Which term is used to describe a candidate key that has been selected to uniquely identify records in a database table?
Answer:
candidate key
A primary key is a specific type of candidate key chosen by the database designer to uniquely identify each row in a table. While all primary keys are candidate keys, not all candidate keys are designated as the primary key.