Pakistan Studies/Affairs MCQs
Topic Notes: Pakistan Studies/Affairs
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
21
Which of the following gods was known as the 'Upholder of Cosmic Order' (Rita)?
Answer:
Varuna
Varuna was the ethical god who maintained 'Rita', the cosmic and moral order of the universe.
22
The term 'Dauhitri' in the Vedic period meant:
Answer:
One who milks cows
The word for daughter, 'Duhitr' (source of the word daughter), literally meant 'one who milks the cow', reflecting the pastoral nature of society.
23
The female scholar 'Gargi' is associated with which period?
Answer:
Later Vedic Period
Gargi Vachaknavi was a philosopher mentioned in the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, which belongs to the Later Vedic period. She famously debated Yajnavalkya.
24
Which ritual was performed by the King to establish supreme power?
Answer:
Ashvamedha
The Ashvamedha (Horse Sacrifice) was a grand ritual performed by powerful kings to demonstrate their sovereignty and imperial authority over the lands traversed by the sacrificial horse.
25
The term 'Ayas' in the Rigveda refers to:
Answer:
Copper/Bronze
In the Rigveda, 'Ayas' likely referred to copper or bronze. Iron is specifically referred to as 'Shyama Ayas' or 'Krishna Ayas' in later texts.
26
Who composed the 'Gayatri Mantra'?
Answer:
Vishvamitra
Sage Vishvamitra is credited with composing the Gayatri Mantra, found in the third Mandala of the Rigveda.
27
The river 'Vitasta' mentioned in the Rigveda is identified with which modern river?
Answer:
Jhelum
Vitasta is the Rigvedic name for the river Jhelum.
28
Which of the following was the basic unit of Vedic society?
Answer:
Kula (Family)
The Kula (family or clan) was the fundamental social unit, headed by the Kulapa or Grihapati (eldest male).
29
The Later Vedic period is generally dated between:
Answer:
1000 BC - 600 BC
The Early Vedic (Rigvedic) period is roughly 1500–1000 BC, while the Later Vedic period, characterized by the use of iron and settlement in the Gangetic plain, is 1000–600 BC.
30
Which metal was first used by the Vedic people?
Answer:
Copper
Copper (Ayas) was the first metal used by the Vedic people. Iron (Shyama Ayas or Krishna Ayas) was introduced in the Later Vedic period.