Pakistan's official stance remains that no normalization of ties, including the resumption of bilateral trade, can occur until India revisits its 2019 decision to revoke the special status of Kashmir. Islamabad views this as a prerequisite for a level playing field in any future negotiations and as a commitment to international law.

The President of the UNGA visited Pakistan in 2025 and lauded the Kartarpur Corridor. The project allows Indian Sikh pilgrims visa-free access to the final resting place of Guru Nanak in Pakistan. It is consistently recognized by the UN as a landmark initiative for 'Religious Diplomacy' and 'People-to-People' contact in a conflicted region.

The Salal Hydroelectric Project was one of the early technical tests of the IWT. After years of technical disagreement, the two nations reached an agreement in 1978. India agreed to modify the dam's design to address Pakistan's concerns about water control, proving that technical diplomacy could work under the IWT framework.

Resolution 47 mandated a three-step process: the withdrawal of Pakistani nationals, the reduction of Indian forces, and the conduct of a plebiscite under UN supervision to determine the will of the Kashmiri people. India has historically blocked the plebiscite, arguing that Pakistan never fulfilled the first step, while Pakistan maintains that the right of self-determination is non-negotiable.

The JBMC focuses on improving security and trade facilitation between Pakistan and Iran. Following the missile exchanges of January 2024, both nations agreed to strengthen this committee to prevent future misunderstandings and to coordinate intelligence sharing against militant groups operating in the rugged border region.

The Standing Committee on Scientific and Technological Cooperation (COMSTECH) is based in Islamabad and chaired by the President of Pakistan. It serves as a platform to build technological bridges with other Muslim nations, including neighbors like Iran and Central Asian states, to foster innovation and scientific research within the Ummah.

The Kargil conflict occurred when Pakistani-backed forces occupied positions on the Indian side of the LoC. It brought the two nuclear-armed nations to the brink of a full-scale war. The conflict ended following a ceasefire brokered by the United States and the subsequent withdrawal of forces to the pre-conflict status quo.

High-level security and diplomatic delegations from Pakistan visited Washington in 2025 for the CT Dialogue. These meetings focused on the shared threat of groups like ISIS-K and TTP operating from Afghanistan, signifying that counter-terrorism remains a functional pillar of Pak-U.S. ties despite other strategic differences.

Five Chinese engineers working on the Dasu dam were killed in a suicide attack in Besham. This incident led to heightened security concerns from Beijing and required the Pakistani government to provide multi-layered security guarantees for CPEC projects. It highlighted the risk posed by militants targeting foreign investment to weaken Pakistan's economic diplomacy.

Pakistan uses the term 'Working Boundary' for the border between its recognized province of Punjab and the disputed territory of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir. India refers to it as the international border, but Pakistan maintains the distinction to emphasize the disputed nature of the Kashmir region until a final settlement is reached.