Islamic Studies/Islamiat (Competitive Exams) MCQs
Topic Notes: Islamic Studies/Islamiat (Competitive Exams)
<p>MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.</p>
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
21
: What was the treaty Umar signed with Jerusalem’s Christians called?
Answer:
Pact of Umar
The Pact of Umar granted religious freedom to Christians of Jerusalem. They kept their churches and property in exchange for jizyah. It set a precedent for tolerance. The pact is remembered as a model of coexistence.
22
: Which Companion captured Jerusalem during Umar’s Caliphate?
Answer:
Abu Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah
Jerusalem surrendered peacefully in 637 CE under Abu Ubaydah. The city invited Umar personally to accept its surrender. Umar’s humility left a deep impression. He entered without pomp, riding a donkey.
23
: Which Companion was appointed governor of Basra?
Answer:
He was known for justice and Qur’an recitation. Under his rule, Basra became a learning and military center. His appointment reflects Umar’s wise choices.
Umar made Abu Musa al-Ash‘ari governor of Basra. He was known for justice and Qur’an recitation. Under his rule, Basra became a learning and military center. His appointment reflects Umar’s wise choices.
24
: What public facility did Umar build in conquered lands?
Answer:
Caravanserais and canals
Umar built infrastructure to support trade and people’s needs. Canals were dug for irrigation, and inns supported travelers. His governance improved prosperity. It showed foresight in administration.
25
: What was Umar’s attitude toward governors?
Answer:
He checked and monitored them
Umar frequently inspected governors’ conduct. He dismissed any accused of corruption. He insisted they live simply like the people. His strict accountability became legendary.
26
: Who did Umar include in the shura council for succession?
Answer:
Six senior companions
Umar nominated six: Uthman, Ali, Talha, Zubayr, Sa‘d ibn Abi Waqqas, and Abdur Rahman ibn Awf. They were tasked to choose the next Caliph. This shura selected Uthman ibn Affan. It was Umar’s way of ensuring unity after his death.
27
: Which system of welfare did Umar introduce?
Answer:
Poor relief and stipends
Umar established stipends for widows, children, and the poor. He allocated state funds for social welfare. This was one of the earliest welfare states in history. It embodied Islamic justice and mercy.
28
: What system did Umar establish for military service?
Answer:
Permanent professional army
Umar set up a standing army with salaries from the treasury. Soldiers were registered in diwans (military registers). This made the army organized and loyal. It ensured discipline in expanding conquests.
29
: Where is Umar buried?
Answer:
Beside the Prophet ﷺ in Madinah
Umar requested burial beside the Prophet ﷺ and Abu Bakr (RA). Aisha (RA) gave permission. He rests in the Prophet’s chamber in Madinah. This symbolizes his closeness to them in life and death.
30
: At what age did Umar die?
Answer:
63
Umar was born around 584 CE and died in 644 CE. This made him about 63 years old, the same age as the Prophet ﷺ and Abu Bakr (RA). Many see this as symbolic closeness between them. His life ended at the height of his leadership.