Islamic Studies/Islamiat (Competitive Exams) MCQs
Topic Notes: Islamic Studies/Islamiat (Competitive Exams)
<p>MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.</p>
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
21
What is the Islamic approach to poverty alleviation?
Answer:
Through Zakat, Sadaqah, and empowerment, not interest loans
Islam addresses poverty through moral responsibility, redistribution, and productive inclusion.
22
What distinguishes Islamic macroeconomics from secular models?
Answer:
Inclusion of ethical and spiritual objectives
Islamic macroeconomics integrates ethics, spirituality, and justice within fiscal and monetary frameworks.
23
Who authored ‘Islam and the Economic Challenge’?
Answer:
M. Umer Chapra
Dr. Chapra’s ‘Islam and the Economic Challenge’ critiques secular economics and advocates Shariah-based reform.
24
Which principle in Islamic economics prevents economic exploitation?
Answer:
Prohibition of Riba, Gharar, and Maisir
Islamic economics forbids unjust gains and speculative behavior to ensure equity.
25
What is the Islamic stance on absolute ownership?
Answer:
Only Allah is the true owner; humans are trustees (Amanah)
Ownership in Islam is a trust from Allah; humans are accountable for its use.
26
Which principle governs distribution in Islamic economics?
Answer:
Justice (‘Adl) and Ihsan (benevolence)
Distribution is governed by justice (‘adl) and benevolence (ihsan), ensuring social harmony.
27
Who proposed that Islamic economics bridges 'micro ethics' and 'macro policy'?
Answer:
Dr. Abbas Mirakhor
Abbas Mirakhor emphasized the integration of moral values with institutional economics.
28
Which principle differentiates Islamic welfare economics from Western welfare models?
Answer:
Integration of moral accountability and divine purpose
Islamic welfare integrates spiritual accountability and social responsibility.
29
What does ‘Maslahah’ mean in Islamic economics?
Answer:
Public welfare and benefit
Maslahah ensures policies and economic activities serve the public good.
30
Which modern economist introduced the concept of 'human well-being (maslahah) as development'?
Answer:
M. Nejatullah Siddiqi
Siddiqi emphasized development as fulfilling human needs within moral and spiritual dimensions.