General Science/Everyday Science MCQs
Topic Notes: General Science/Everyday Science
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
31
Which B-vitamin deficiency can cause 'megaloblastic anemia'?
Answer:
Folic acid and Vitamin B12
Both folate and B12 are needed for DNA synthesis in red blood cells. Deficiency leads to the production of fewer, larger-than-normal, and dysfunctional red blood cells (megaloblasts).
32
Which of the following is a characteristic of 'Type 2 Diabetes'?
Answer:
Insulin resistance in the body's cells
Type 2 diabetes occurs when the pancreas still produces insulin, but the body's cells do not respond to it effectively. This is often linked to obesity and physical inactivity.
33
What is the primary metabolic fuel used during high-intensity, anaerobic exercise?
Answer:
Glucose
During high-intensity bursts where oxygen is limited, the body relies on anaerobic glycolysis, which breaks down glucose (from blood or glycogen) to produce ATP and lactic acid.
34
Which vitamin is necessary for the formation of the visual pigment 'Iodopsin' for color vision?
Answer:
Vitamin A
Vitamin A (specifically its retinal form) is required for both rhodopsin (night vision) and iodopsins (color vision) in the cone cells of the retina.
35
What is 'Bioavailability' in the context of nutrition?
Answer:
The rate and extent to which a nutrient is absorbed and used
Bioavailability is influenced by the form of the nutrient (e.g., heme vs non-heme iron), the presence of other food components (like fiber or phytates), and the individual's digestive health.
36
Which of the following is a primary source of 'Polyunsaturated Fats'?
Answer:
Walnuts and Flaxseeds
Polyunsaturated fats (including Omega-3 and Omega-6) are typically liquid at room temperature. Walnuts, flaxseeds, and fatty fish are excellent sources of these heart-healthy fats.
37
Which mineral is essential for the production of thyroid hormones and is found in high amounts in seafood?
Answer:
Iodine
Iodine is a vital component of the hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Seafood and seaweed are natural rich sources of this element.
38
The 'D' in the acronym 'VLCD' (a type of weight loss diet) stands for:
Answer:
Diet
VLCD stands for Very Low-Calorie Diet. These are medically supervised plans typically providing less than 800 calories per day for rapid weight loss in cases of severe obesity.
39
Which of the following is a symptom of Vitamin A toxicity (Hypervitaminosis A)?
Answer:
Dry, peeling skin and hair loss
Unlike water-soluble vitamins, Vitamin A is stored in the liver. Excessive intake (usually from supplements) can cause toxicity, leading to skin disorders, liver damage, and joint pain.
40
What is the primary benefit of consuming 'Probiotics'?
Answer:
Maintaining a healthy gut microbiome
Probiotics are live beneficial bacteria found in fermented foods like yogurt and kefir. They help balance the intestinal flora, which is crucial for digestion and immune health.