Pakistan Studies/Affairs MCQs
Topic Notes: Pakistan Studies/Affairs
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
31
Which King patronized the First Buddhist Council?
Answer:
Ajatashatru
The First Buddhist Council was held in Rajgir just after Buddha's death, under the patronage of King Ajatashatru of the Haryanka dynasty.
32
Where did Mahavira breathe his last (attain Moksha)?
Answer:
Pavapuri
Mahavira passed away and attained liberation (Moksha) at Pavapuri, near Rajgir, at the age of 72.
33
The 'Vinaya Pitaka' primarily contains:
Answer:
Rules of discipline for monks
The Vinaya Pitaka deals with the monastic rules and code of conduct (discipline) for the Sangha (monks and nuns).
34
Mahavira attained 'Kaivalya' (Supreme Knowledge) on the banks of which river?
Answer:
Rijupalika
Mahavira attained Kaivalya under a Sal tree on the banks of the river Rijupalika at the age of 42.
35
The principle of 'Syadvada' (The theory of 'maybe' or relativity) is a central philosophy of:
Answer:
Jainism
Syadvada (the doctrine of conditional predication) and Anekantavada (pluralism) are core philosophical concepts of Jainism.
36
Which Mauryan ruler is famous for spreading Buddhism across Asia?
Answer:
Ashoka
Emperor Ashoka embraced Buddhism after the Kalinga War and sent missionaries to various parts of the world, including Sri Lanka and Central Asia.
37
Where did Buddha attain Enlightenment?
Answer:
Bodh Gaya
Buddha attained Enlightenment (Nirvana) under a Pipal tree (Bodhi tree) at Bodh Gaya in Bihar.
38
Who was the founder of the Ajivika sect?
Answer:
Makkhali Gosala
Makkhali Gosala was a contemporary of Buddha and Mahavira and founded the Ajivika sect, which believed in absolute fatalism (Niyati).
39
The 'Jatakas' are a collection of stories about:
Answer:
Previous births of Buddha
The Jataka tales are voluminous bodies of literature concerning the previous births of Gautama Buddha in both human and animal form.
40
What does the term 'Nirvana' mean in Buddhism?
Answer:
Freedom from the cycle of rebirth
Nirvana is the ultimate goal in Buddhism, representing the blowing out of desire and liberation from the cycle of birth and death (Samsara).