Pakistan Studies/Affairs MCQs
Topic Notes: Pakistan Studies/Affairs
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
31
The British Governor-General during the First Anglo-Maratha War was __________.
Answer:
Warren Hastings
Warren Hastings was the Governor-General of Bengal during the First Anglo-Maratha War. He disapproved of the Treaty of Surat initially but eventually managed the war's conclusion via the Treaty of Salbai.
32
The Battle of Palkhed (1728) was fought between Baji Rao I and __________.
Answer:
Nizam-ul-Mulk of Hyderabad
The Battle of Palkhed is considered a masterpiece of strategic mobility where Baji Rao I defeated the Nizam-ul-Mulk of Hyderabad, forcing him to recognize Shahu as the Maratha King.
33
Who was the first Peshwa to make the position hereditary?
Answer:
Balaji Vishwanath
Balaji Vishwanath was appointed Peshwa in 1713 by Chhatrapati Shahu. His success in stabilizing the empire led to the post becoming hereditary in his family.
34
Which Maratha family ruled from Baroda?
Answer:
Gaekwad
The Gaekwads were the Maratha rulers of Baroda (now Vadodara) in Gujarat. The Pilaji Rao Gaekwad established the dynasty.
35
The First Anglo-Maratha War was triggered by the British signing the Treaty of Surat with whom?
Answer:
Raghunath Rao
Raghunath Rao, seeking to become Peshwa, signed the Treaty of Surat (1775) with the British in Bombay, ceding territories like Salsette and Bassein in exchange for military support, which triggered the war.
36
Which Maratha leader helped the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II regain his throne in Delhi in 1771?
Answer:
Mahadji Scindia
Mahadji Scindia was a powerful Maratha ruler of Gwalior who resurrected Maratha power in North India after the Panipat disaster and escorted Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II back to Delhi in 1771.
37
The 'Sardeshmukhi' was an additional levy of what percentage?
Answer:
10%
Sardeshmukhi was an additional 10% levy on top of the Chauth. It was claimed by the Maratha King as the hereditary Sardeshmukh (Chief Headman) of the region.
38
In the Maratha administration, what was the role of the 'Nyayadhish'?
Answer:
Chief Justice
In Shivaji's Ashtapradhan (Council of Eight Ministers), the Nyayadhish was responsible for justice, civil and criminal jurisdiction, and interpretation of laws.
39
Which treaty ended the Second Anglo-Maratha War with the Holkars in 1805?
Answer:
Treaty of Rajghat
The Treaty of Rajghat was signed in December 1805 between the British and Yashwantrao Holkar, concluding the Second Anglo-Maratha War.
40
Who was the founder of the Maratha Empire?
Answer:
Shivaji
Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj (1630–1680) founded the Maratha Empire, carving out an enclave from the declining Adilshahi sultanate of Bijapur and establishing a Hindavi Swarajya (self-rule).