Pakistan Studies/Affairs MCQs
Topic Notes: Pakistan Studies/Affairs
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
41
After the Third Anglo-Maratha War, where was Peshwa Baji Rao II exiled to?
Answer:
Bithur
Following his defeat in the Third Anglo-Maratha War in 1818, the Peshwaship was abolished. Baji Rao II was pensioned off and sent to Bithur, near Kanpur.
42
Which battle in 1803 was a decisive victory for Arthur Wellesley against the Marathas?
Answer:
Battle of Assaye
The Battle of Assaye (September 23, 1803) was a major battle in the Second Anglo-Maratha War where Arthur Wellesley (later Duke of Wellington) defeated the combined forces of the Scindia and Bhonsle.
43
What was the primary function of the 'Chauth' tax collected by Marathas?
Answer:
25% tax to avoid Maratha raids
Chauth was a tax or tribute levied by the Marathas on lands outside their direct domain. It amounted to one-fourth (25%) of the revenue and was essentially a protection money paid to avoid Maratha raids.
44
The Maratha chief 'Scindia' had his capital at __________.
Answer:
Gwalior
The Scindia (Shinde) dynasty ruled from Gwalior. The other major Maratha capitals were Indore (Holkar), Nagpur (Bhonsle), Baroda (Gaekwad), and Pune (Peshwa).
45
Which British Governor-General was responsible for the Third Anglo-Maratha War?
Answer:
Lord Hastings
Lord Hastings (Governor-General from 1813 to 1823) led the British forces in the Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817–1818), which resulted in the final defeat of the Marathas and the abolition of the Peshwaship.
46
Who was known as the 'Machiavelli of the Marathas'?
Answer:
Nana Phadnavis
Nana Phadnavis was an influential minister and statesman of the Maratha Empire. European observers called him the 'Maratha Machiavelli' due to his astute political skills and diplomacy in keeping the Maratha Confederacy united against the British.
47
The 'Treaty of Bassein' (1802) was signed between the British and which Peshwa?
Answer:
Baji Rao II
The Treaty of Bassein was a pact signed on December 31, 1802, between the British East India Company and Baji Rao II. It marked a decisive step in the British establishing suzerainty over the Marathas as the Peshwa accepted the Subsidiary Alliance.
48
Who was the Maratha Peshwa during the Third Battle of Panipat in 1761?
Answer:
Balaji Baji Rao
Balaji Baji Rao (also known as Nana Saheb) was the Peshwa during the Third Battle of Panipat (1761). The Maratha defeat in this battle was a massive shock to him, leading to his death shortly after.
49
Which treaty ended the First Anglo-Maratha War in 1782?
Answer:
Treaty of Salbai
The Treaty of Salbai was signed in 1782 between the Marathas and the British East India Company. It ended the First Anglo-Maratha War and secured a period of peace between the two powers for 20 years.