Islamic Studies/Islamiat (Competitive Exams) MCQs
Topic Notes: Islamic Studies/Islamiat (Competitive Exams)
<p>MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.</p>
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
41
What is the primary philosophical foundation of Islamic economics?
Answer:
Tawhid (Oneness of Allah)
Tawhid binds all aspects of human activity, including economic conduct, to divine accountability.
42
Who founded the concept of 'Islamic economics as a third alternative' between capitalism and socialism?
Answer:
Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr
In 'Iqtisaduna', Baqir al-Sadr proposed Islam as a distinct moral-economic alternative system.
43
According to Maududi, what is the purpose of wealth in Islam?
Answer:
A trust (Amanah) from Allah to be used responsibly
Wealth in Islam is an amanah — a trust — not absolute property, and must be used for lawful and just purposes.
44
Which modern scholar is often credited with systematizing Islamic economics in the 20th century?
Answer:
Abul A‘la Maududi
Maududi (d. 1979) conceptualized Islamic economics as a distinct discipline rooted in Shariah and divine purpose.
45
What is the central feature distinguishing the Islamic economic system from capitalism and socialism?
Answer:
Integration of moral, spiritual, and economic values under divine law (Shariah)
Islamic economics operates under the tawḥīdic paradigm, integrating ethics and law within all economic activity.
46
Which economic virtue did the Prophet ﷺ emphasize most?
Answer:
Honesty in trade
The Prophet ﷺ said, 'The truthful merchant will be with the Prophets and martyrs.' (Tirmidhi)
47
Who linked economic decline to moral corruption of rulers?
Answer:
Ibn Khaldun
Ibn Khaldun emphasized that unjust rulers destroy economic productivity and social cohesion.
48
What is the difference between Islamic and secular economics?
Answer:
Islamic economics integrates ethics and divine law
Islamic economics unites ethics and law, rejecting secular materialism.
49
What does the term 'Amwal' signify?
Answer:
Wealth or property
‘Amwal’ in Arabic refers to wealth or property, central to discussions in fiqh al-mu‘amalat.
50
Which concept guards against inequality and class exploitation?
Answer:
Zakat and prohibition of Riba
Zakat and anti-Riba principles prevent exploitation and ensure social harmony.