**Rule:** The passive voice structure 'is expected to' is commonly used for formal predictions and projections based on data or expert opinion. The population is the receiver of the expectation. Option (b) is active voice and incorrect because the population itself does not expect. Option (c) is future perfect continuous. Option (d) is grammatically awkward.

**Rule:** The Future Perfect Continuous Tense (will have been + verb-ing) is used to emphasize the duration ('for seven years') of a continuous state or action up to a specific point in the future ('By the time he graduates').

**Rule:** The Future Perfect Tense (will have + past participle) is used to express that an action will be completed by a specific future deadline. 'By next Friday' is the deadline by which the action of grading will be finished. Option (d) implies the work will be in progress on Friday, not necessarily finished.

**Rule:** The negative form of the Future Perfect Tense (will not have + past participle) is used to state that an action will not be completed by a specific future time. The speaker predicts the renovation will still be incomplete at the future point 'by the time we move in'. Option (d) is also possible but (b) better emphasizes the state of incompletion at a deadline.

**Rule:** The Simple Future with 'will' is used here to make a promise or state an intention that is conditional on another event. The time clause 'as soon as I finish mine' uses the simple present, and the main clause correctly uses 'will help' to describe the resulting action. Option (d) is possible but 'will' is very common in this structure.

**Rule:** In future time clauses introduced by conjunctions like 'as soon as', 'when', 'before', 'after', or 'unless', the Simple Present Tense is used to refer to a future event. The main clause uses a future tense ('we will be able to leave'). Option (a) 'will arrive' is incorrect because 'will' is not used in the future time clause. Option (c) 'is arriving' could be possible for a fixed arrangement, but simple present is standard. Option (d) 'will have arrived' is grammatically incorrect in this structure.

**Rule:** 'Be going to' can be used for predictions based on a present feeling or intuition. 'I have a feeling' is the present evidence, making 'is going to happen' a natural choice to express the prediction. 'Will happen' would also be possible but 'going to' connects more strongly to the present feeling.

**Rule:** 'Will' is often used when reporting a promise or a decision made by someone else. The repairman has made a decision or promise to come tomorrow. This is a simple statement of a future action. Option (a) is also possible for arrangements, but 'will' is a very common way to report such statements.

**Rule:** 'Be going to' is used to talk about a prior intention or a plan. The speaker has already bought the dress and intends to wear it. This is a pre-meditated action, not a spontaneous decision. Option (c) is future perfect. Option (d) is past. Option (a) is incorrect.

**Rule:** 'Be going to' is used to make a prediction based on immediate present evidence. The 'lot of noise' is the current evidence that leads to the predictable result of the baby waking up. Option (a) is a more general prediction, less connected to the present evidence.