All Categories MCQs
Topic Notes: All Categories
General Description
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
66411
The company has to reduce its expenses.
Answer:
Its expenses have to be reduced by the company.
**Rule**: When the active sentence uses 'has to'/'have to', the passive form is **Object + has/have to + be + V3**.
- **Correct Answer (d)**: The object 'its expenses' becomes the subject. Since 'expenses' is plural, it takes 'have to be', followed by the past participle 'reduced'.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: 'have been reduced' is the passive of the Present Perfect Tense.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: 'are to be' implies a plan, not necessity.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: 'had to be' incorrectly changes the tense to the past.
66412
He did not help me.
Answer:
I was not helped by him.
**Rule**: For a negative sentence in the Simple Past Tense, the passive voice structure is **Object + was/were + not + V3 + by + Subject**.
- **Correct Answer (d)**: The object 'me' becomes the subject 'I'. The passive verb form 'was not helped' correctly reflects the negative Simple Past tense.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Past Continuous.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Present.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
66413
They were repairing the bridge.
Answer:
The bridge was being repaired by them.
**Rule**: For a sentence in the Past Continuous Tense, the passive voice structure is **Object + was/were + being + V3 + by + Subject**.
- **Correct Answer (b)**: The object 'the bridge' becomes the subject. Since it's singular, 'was' is used, followed by 'being' and the past participle 'repaired'.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Present.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Past.
66414
Who had left the window open?
Answer:
By whom had the window been left open?
**Rule**: For an interrogative sentence in the Past Perfect Tense starting with 'Who', the passive structure is **By whom + had + object + been + V3?**
- **Correct Answer (c)**: 'Who' becomes 'By whom'. The auxiliary 'had' is used, followed by the new subject 'the window', 'been', and the past participle 'left'. The complement 'open' remains.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Past.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This has incorrect word order for a question.
66415
Nobody noticed the mistake.
Answer:
The mistake was not noticed.
**Rule**: A negative sentence in the Simple Past Tense (using 'Nobody') is converted to passive using **Object + was/were + not + V3**. The negative idea from 'Nobody' is transferred to the verb.
- **Correct Answer (b)**: The object 'the mistake' becomes the subject. The passive verb 'was not noticed' correctly reflects the negative meaning and the Simple Past tense. The agent is correctly omitted.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Past Continuous.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Present and uses a double negative ('not' and 'nobody').
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
66416
Someone had left the door open.
Answer:
The door had been left open.
**Rule**: For a Past Perfect Tense sentence, the passive structure is **Object + had + been + V3**. The indefinite subject 'someone' is omitted.
- **Correct Answer (b)**: The object 'the door' becomes the subject. The verb form 'had been left' is the correct passive construction for the Past Perfect Tense. The agent 'by someone' is correctly omitted.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Past.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Past Continuous.
66417
The sudden noise frightened the child.
Answer:
The child was frightened by the sudden noise.
**Rule**: For a sentence in the Simple Past Tense, the passive voice structure is **Object + was/were + V3 + by + Subject**.
- **Correct Answer (a)**: The object 'the child' becomes the subject. Since 'child' is singular, 'was' is used, followed by the past participle 'frightened'.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Present.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Past Continuous.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
66418
The company had not foreseen the crisis.
Answer:
The crisis had not been foreseen by the company.
**Rule**: For a negative sentence in the Past Perfect Tense, the passive structure is **Object + had + not + been + V3 + by + Subject**.
- **Correct Answer (a)**: The object 'the crisis' becomes the subject. The verb form 'had not been foreseen' is the correct passive construction for a negative sentence in the Past Perfect Tense.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Past.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Past Continuous.
66419
Who could have predicted such a result?
Answer:
By whom could such a result have been predicted?
**Rule**: For an interrogative sentence with a past modal starting with 'Who', the passive structure is **By whom + modal + have been + V3?**
- **Correct Answer (c)**: 'Who' becomes 'By whom'. The past modal passive form 'could have been predicted' is used. The word order is correct for a question, with the modal 'could' coming before the subject 'such a result'.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: 'could be predicted' is the passive for a present modal.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: 'can' is a different modal.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This has incorrect word order for a question.
66420
The company is launching a new product next year.
Answer:
A new product is being launched by the company next year.
**Rule**: The Present Continuous Tense can be used for a fixed plan in the near future. Its passive form is **Object + is/am/are + being + V3**. The future time adverbial ('next year') is retained.
- **Correct Answer (a)**: The object 'a new product' becomes the subject. The passive verb 'is being launched' correctly reflects the Present Continuous used for a future plan.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: While 'will be launched' is also correct for the future, option (a) is the direct passive conversion of the given Present Continuous tense.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly uses the Simple Present passive, which is not appropriate for a future plan.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.