All Categories MCQs
Topic Notes: All Categories
General Description
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
66451
The company had not approved the budget.
Answer:
The budget had not been approved by the company.
**Rule**: For a negative sentence in the Past Perfect Tense, the passive structure is **Object + had + not + been + V3 + by + Subject**.
- **Correct Answer (d)**: The object 'the budget' becomes the subject. The verb form 'had not been approved' is the correct passive construction for a negative sentence in the Past Perfect Tense.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Past.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Present.
66452
They were painting the house when I arrived.
Answer:
The house was being painted when I arrived.
**Rule**: In a complex sentence, only the clause with a transitive verb and object is changed to passive. The main clause 'They were painting the house' (Past Continuous) is passivized, while the subordinate clause 'when I arrived' remains unchanged.
- **Correct Answer (c)**: The object 'the house' becomes the subject. The verb form 'was being painted' is the correct passive for the Past Continuous. The subordinate clause 'when I arrived' is correctly placed at the end.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Past.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Continuous.
66453
The fire completely destroyed the records.
Answer:
The records were completely destroyed by the fire.
**Rule**: For a sentence in the Simple Past Tense, the passive voice structure is **Object + was/were + V3 + by + Subject**. Adverbs are usually placed before the main verb.
- **Correct Answer (c)**: The object 'the records' becomes the subject. Since 'records' is plural, 'were' is used. The adverb 'completely' is correctly placed before the past participle 'destroyed'.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Past Continuous.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Present.
66454
We will have to arrange the furniture.
Answer:
The furniture will have to be arranged by us.
**Rule**: When the active sentence uses a modal-like structure such as 'will have to', the passive form is **Object + will have to + be + V3**.
- **Correct Answer (d)**: The object 'the furniture' becomes the subject. The structure 'will have to be arranged' is the correct passive form for the future obligation.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: 'would' is an incorrect modal change.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This omits 'have to', changing the meaning from future obligation to a simple future action.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This is the passive form of the Future Perfect tense, not of 'will have to'.
66455
Who is going to manage the finances?
Answer:
By whom are the finances going to be managed?
**Rule**: For an interrogative sentence with the 'be going to' future form starting with 'Who', the passive structure is **By whom + is/am/are + object + going to be + V3?**
- **Correct Answer (a)**: 'Who' changes to 'By whom'. The object 'the finances' is plural, so 'are' is used, followed by the object and the correct passive structure 'going to be managed'.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This changes the structure from 'going to' future to 'will' future.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: The verb 'is' is incorrect because the subject 'finances' is plural.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: 'who' is the incorrect case; 'whom' is required after the preposition 'By'.
66456
Someone has to take responsibility.
Answer:
Responsibility has to be taken.
**Rule**: When the active sentence uses 'has to'/'have to', the passive form is **Object + has/have to + be + V3**. The indefinite subject 'someone' is omitted.
- **Correct Answer (c)**: The object 'responsibility' becomes the subject. Since 'responsibility' is singular, it takes 'has to be', followed by the past participle 'taken'. The agent 'by someone' is correctly omitted.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: 'has been taken' is the passive of the Present Perfect Tense, not of 'has to'.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: 'had to be' incorrectly changes the tense to the past.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: 'is to be' implies a plan or arrangement, which is different from the necessity expressed by 'has to'.
66457
The teacher had to punish the naughty student.
Answer:
The naughty student had to be punished by the teacher.
**Rule**: When the active sentence uses 'had to' to show past necessity, the passive form is **Object + had to + be + V3**.
- **Correct Answer (d)**: The object 'the naughty student' becomes the subject. The structure 'had to be punished' is the correct passive form for the past necessity.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: 'had been punished' is the passive of the Past Perfect Tense ('had punished'), not 'had to punish'.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: 'was to be' implies a past plan, which is a different meaning.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: 'has to be' incorrectly changes the tense to the present.
66458
The committee had been discussing the issue for hours.
Answer:
The issue had been being discussed for hours.
**Rule**: The passive voice for the Past Perfect Continuous Tense is formed with **Object + had been + being + V3**. However, this construction is very rare and often considered awkward. It is usually rephrased.
- **Correct Answer (b)**: This is the grammatically correct, though rarely used, passive form of the Past Perfect Continuous Tense.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This changes the tense to Past Continuous.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This changes the tense to Present Perfect.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This changes the tense to Past Perfect, losing the continuous aspect.
66459
When will you return the book?
Answer:
When will the book be returned by you?
**Rule**: For an interrogative sentence in the Future Simple Tense starting with a 'Wh-' word, the passive structure is **Wh- word + will/shall + object + be + V3 + by + subject?**
- **Correct Answer (a)**: The 'Wh-' word 'When' remains at the beginning. The modal 'will' is used, followed by the new subject 'the book', 'be', and the past participle 'returned'.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: 'would' is an incorrect modal change.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Present.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Future Perfect.
66460
I am writing a letter.
Answer:
A letter is being written by me.
**Rule**: For a Present Continuous Tense sentence, the passive structure is **Object + is/am/are + being + V3 + by + Subject**.
- **Correct Answer (d)**: The object 'a letter' becomes the subject. Since it is singular, 'is' is used, followed by 'being' and the past participle 'written'.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Present.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Past Continuous.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.