Pakistan Studies/Affairs MCQs
Topic Notes: Pakistan Studies/Affairs
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
61
Who became the first Indian member of the Viceroy’s Executive Council after the 1909 Act?
Answer:
S. P. (Lord) Sinha
Satyendra Prasanna (Lord) Sinha joined as Law Member in 1909, a milestone in executive inclusion.
62
Which power of council members was expanded by the 1909 Act?
Answer:
Moving resolutions on the budget and asking supplementary questions
Members could move resolutions and ask supplementaries; however, control over the executive remained limited.
63
Which reform first introduced separate Muslim electorates?
Answer:
1909 Act
The 1909 Act accepted communal representation for Muslims through separate electorates. The size of the Imperial (Central) Legislative Council under the 1909 Act became: (a) 30 members (b) 45 members (c) 60 members (d) 90 members Correct Answer: (c) Explanation: The central council’s strength rose sharply to 60; provinces also saw enlarged councils.
64
Who was John Morley in relation to the 1909 reforms?
Answer:
Secretary of State for India
The reforms bear both names—Minto (Viceroy) and Morley (Secretary of State).
65
When did Lord Minto II serve as Viceroy of India?
Answer:
1905–1910
Minto II’s tenure (1905–1910) coincided with the reforms negotiated with Secretary of State John Morley.
66
The 1892 Act marked the beginning of which principle in Indian constitutional evolution?
Answer:
Representative principle through indirect election
By using recommendations from representative bodies, the Act edged toward representative institutions without embracing direct elections. Indian Councils Act, 1909 (Morley–Minto Reforms)
67
Which was not a feature of the 1892 Act?
Answer:
Introduction of separate electorates
Separate electorates arrived later with the 1909 reforms; 1892 only cautiously widened participation.
68
Which of the following remained true at both central and provincial levels under the 1892 Act?
Answer:
Official majority
Despite more non‑officials, officials retained majority strength, keeping executive control intact. Regarding questions asked by members under the 1892 Act: (a) Supplementary questions were freely allowed (b) No prior notice was required (c) A formal notice period applied and supplementaries were restricted (d) Questions were banned entirely Correct Answer: (c) Explanation: Members could ask questions with prior notice; supplementary questions were generally not permitted.
69
Under the 1892 Act, how were many non-official members brought into councils?
Answer:
Recommendations by local bodies (indirect election) and nomination
District boards, municipalities, universities, chambers of commerce and zamindars recommended names; the government then nominated them—hence indirect election.
70
The Indian Councils Act, 1892 primarily expanded which aspect of the councils?
Answer:
Right to discuss the budget and ask questions
The Act enlarged councils and allowed limited discussion of the budget and questions to the executive (with notice), but no voting rights over finances.