General Science/Everyday Science MCQs
Topic Notes: General Science/Everyday Science
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
61
Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infectious disease that mainly affects the lungs. Which microorganism is responsible for TB?
Answer:
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Bacterium)
Tuberculosis is caused by a specific type of bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is an airborne pathogen that can stay suspended in the air for hours, making it highly transmissible in crowded or poorly ventilated environments.
62
Which of these is a covalent network solid?
Answer:
Diamond
In diamond, each carbon atom is covalently bonded to four other carbon atoms in a continuous 3D giant lattice. This makes it extremely hard with a very high melting point.
63
Which of the following is a physical property of liquids?
Answer:
Ability to flow (viscosity)
Liquids have the ability to flow because their particles can slide over each other while remaining in contact. This property is quantified as viscosity (resistance to flow).
64
What is the shape of a water molecule ($H_2O$)?
Answer:
Bent (V-shaped)
Although the oxygen atom has four electron pairs (two bonding, two lone) arranged tetrahedrally, the molecular shape—the position of the atoms—is bent or V-shaped with an angle of about 104.5 degrees.
65
The conversion of a gas into a liquid is called:
Answer:
Condensation
Condensation is the change of the physical state of matter from gas phase into liquid phase. It usually occurs when a gas is cooled or compressed.
66
Which of the following describes a 'pandemic'?
Answer:
An epidemic that has spread over several countries or continents
A pandemic is an outbreak of a disease that occurs on a global scale. The COVID-19 pandemic is a recent example where the virus spread rapidly across every continent, affecting millions of people worldwide.
67
What is the specific role of a 'vector' in the spread of diseases like Malaria or Dengue?
Answer:
It is an organism that carries and transmits a pathogen to another living being
A vector is an intermediary organism, often an arthropod like a mosquito or tick, that picks up a pathogen from one host and transmits it to another. In the case of Malaria, the female Anopheles mosquito acts as the vector for the Plasmodium parasite.
68
What is the relative mass of an electron compared to a proton?
Answer:
Approximately 1/1840
Electrons are much lighter than protons and neutrons. It takes about 1836 to 1840 electrons to equal the mass of a single proton.
69
Which of the following practices is the most effective way to prevent the transmission of many infectious diseases in daily life?
Answer:
Regular handwashing with soap and water
Handwashing is the single most effective way to remove pathogens from the hands before they can enter the body through the mouth, nose, or eyes, or be passed on to other people and surfaces.
70
Who discovered the neutron?
Answer:
James Chadwick
James Chadwick discovered the neutron in 1932. This discovery was crucial because it explained why the atomic mass of elements was often more than double their atomic number.