Computer Science - IT MCQs
Topic Notes: Computer Science - IT
<p>MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.</p>
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
71
Which of the following terms is also used to refer to a control key?
Answer:
Sort key
A sort key, often referred to as a control key in certain contexts, is a field or set of fields used to determine the order in which records are sorted or grouped during data processing or report generation tasks within a database system.
72
What is the technical term for the process of merging multiple database relations or views?
Answer:
View integration
View integration is a critical step in database design where different user views or local schemas are combined into a single, unified global conceptual schema. This ensures that all user requirements are represented consistently within the integrated database model.
73
Which of the following is typically excluded from the definition of a database entity?
Answer:
Action
An entity is defined as a person, object, place, or concept about which data is stored. An action, however, is typically represented by a relationship or a verb, rather than being an entity itself in the database model.
74
What is the term for a relationship in an Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD) where an entity is associated with itself?
Answer:
Recursive relationship
A recursive relationship occurs when an entity type is related to itself. For example, in an employee table, an employee might be a manager of other employees, creating a relationship between the entity and its own instances.
75
Which term describes a collection of conceptual tools used to define the structural organization of a database?
Answer:
Data model
A data model is a collection of concepts and tools used to describe the structure of a database, including data types, relationships, and constraints. It provides a high-level view of how data is organized, allowing designers to communicate the database structure effectively before implementation.
76
How many distinct types of relationships can be defined between two entities in a database schema?
Answer:
Multiple
In database modeling, two entities can participate in multiple relationships simultaneously. For example, an 'Employee' and a 'Department' might have a 'Works-In' relationship and a 'Manages' relationship. Therefore, there is no fixed limit of one, two, or three relationships between any two entities.
77
What term describes a person, place, object, or concept about which data is stored in a database?
Answer:
Entity
An entity is a fundamental concept in database design representing a distinct object or 'thing' in the real world that is relevant to the system. Data is collected and stored about these entities, which are then represented as tables in a relational database.
78
Which term describes individuals, such as employees or customers, who interact directly with a computer system?
Answer:
users
In the context of information systems, users are the individuals who utilize the system to perform their daily tasks or access services. They are the primary stakeholders whose requirements drive the system's functionality and interface design.
79
Which type of relationship best describes the association between countries and their respective capital cities?
Answer:
One-to-one
In a standard database model, each country is associated with exactly one capital city, and each capital city belongs to exactly one country. This mutual exclusivity defines a one-to-one relationship, as there is a unique mapping between the two entities.
80
What is the primary activity conducted during the first phase of the system development life cycle?
Answer:
a system survey
The first phase of the SDLC is the planning or preliminary investigation phase. During this stage, a system survey is conducted to define the scope of the project, identify the problem, and determine the overall feasibility of the proposed solution.