The CSS (Central Superior Services) Exam MCQs
Topic Notes: The CSS (Central Superior Services) Exam
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
71
The tiger was chasing the deer.
Answer:
The deer was being chased by the tiger.
**Rule**: For a sentence in the Past Continuous Tense, the passive voice structure is **Object + was/were + being + V3 + by + Subject**.
- **Correct Answer (a)**: The object 'the deer' becomes the subject. Since 'deer' can be singular here, 'was' is used, followed by 'being' and the past participle 'chased'.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Past.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Continuous.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
72
Inform the police immediately.
Answer:
Let the police be informed immediately.
**Rule**: Imperative sentences that express a command or urgent instruction are often converted to passive voice using the structure: **Let + object + be + V3**.
- **Correct Answer (a)**: This option correctly applies the 'Let' structure for a command. 'the police' is the object, followed by 'be' and the past participle 'informed'.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: 'Should' introduces a sense of advice or duty, which is slightly different from a direct command.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: 'Requested' is incorrect as the tone is one of urgency, not a polite request.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: The infinitive marker 'to' is incorrect after 'police' in this structure.
73
Shut the door and leave.
Answer:
Let the door be shut and you are ordered to leave.
**Rule**: When an imperative sentence contains two commands, they are converted to passive voice separately and joined by a conjunction. The first part 'Shut the door' is a command and can be passivized using 'Let'. The second part 'leave' is also a command, implying 'You leave', which can be passivized as 'You are ordered to leave'.
- **Correct Answer (a)**: 'Let the door be shut' is the correct passive form for the first command. 'you are ordered to leave' is a suitable passive form for the second implied command.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: 'Shutted' is not the correct past participle of 'shut' (it's 'shut'), and 'you be left' is grammatically incorrect.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: 'is to be' changes the imperative mood to one of obligation.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: 'Advised' is not appropriate for a direct command like 'leave'.
74
They were carrying the injured player off the field.
Answer:
The injured player was being carried off the field.
**Rule**: For a sentence in the Past Continuous Tense, the passive voice structure is **Object + was/were + being + V3 + by + Subject**. The agent ('by them') can be omitted when it is vague or unimportant.
- **Correct Answer (b)**: The object 'the injured player' becomes the subject. Since it's singular, 'was' is used, followed by 'being' and the past participle 'carried'. Omitting 'by them' is natural here.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Past.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Past Perfect.
75
Please bring me a glass of water.
Answer:
You are requested to bring me a glass of water.
**Rule**: Imperative sentences that make a request (often starting with 'Please' or 'Kindly') are converted into passive voice using the phrase **'You are requested to'** followed by the base form of the verb.
- **Correct Answer (a)**: The word 'Please' indicates a request. Therefore, the passive form 'You are requested to...' is the most appropriate structure.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: While 'Let' is used for some imperative sentences, 'You are requested to' is more suitable for polite requests.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: The original sentence is a request, not an order, so 'You are ordered to' is incorrect.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: 'Should' suggests advice or obligation, which does not fit the context of a simple request.
76
The government is building new bridges.
Answer:
New bridges are being built by the government.
**Rule**: For a Present Continuous Tense sentence, the passive structure is **Object + is/am/are + being + V3 + by + Subject**.
- **Correct Answer (d)**: The object 'new bridges' becomes the subject. Since 'bridges' is plural, 'are' is used, followed by 'being' and the past participle 'built'.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Present.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Past Continuous.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
77
The old lady tells us fascinating stories.
Answer:
Both a and b are correct.
**Rule**: For a Simple Present Tense sentence with two objects (indirect 'us' and direct 'fascinating stories'), either can become the subject of the passive sentence.
- **Correct Answer (d)**: Both (a) and (b) are correct passive transformations.
- In (a), the direct object 'Fascinating stories' becomes the subject. The passive verb is 'are told', and the indirect object 'us' is preceded by 'to'.
- In (b), the indirect object 'us' becomes the subject 'We'. The passive verb is 'are told', and the direct object 'fascinating stories' follows.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This is correct, but (b) is also correct.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This is correct, but (a) is also correct.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Past.
78
The host was welcoming the guests.
Answer:
The guests were being welcomed by the host.
**Rule**: To convert a Past Continuous Tense sentence to passive voice, the structure is **Object + was/were + being + V3 + by + Subject**.
- **Correct Answer (b)**: The object 'the guests' becomes the subject. Since 'guests' is plural, 'were' is used, followed by 'being' and the past participle 'welcomed'.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Past.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Continuous.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
79
We are teaching the students a new lesson.
Answer:
A new lesson is being taught to the students by us.
**Rule**: For a Present Continuous Tense sentence with two objects, either can become the subject in the passive form. The structure is **Object + is/am/are + being + V3 + by + Subject**.
- **Correct Answer (a)**: The direct object 'a new lesson' is made the subject. The verb form 'is being taught' is correct for the tense. The indirect object 'the students' is correctly preceded by 'to'.
- **Incorrect Answer (b)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Simple Present.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Past Continuous.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: This incorrectly changes the tense to Present Perfect.
80
Help the needy.
Answer:
You are advised to help the needy.
**Rule**: Imperative sentences that give advice can be converted to passive voice using the structure **'You are advised to'** followed by the base form of the verb, or by using **Object + should be + V3**.
- **Correct Answer (b)**: The sentence 'Help the needy' is a form of advice. Therefore, 'You are advised to help the needy' is an appropriate passive construction.
- **Incorrect Answer (a)**: 'are to be' implies an arrangement or plan, not advice.
- **Incorrect Answer (c)**: 'Let' is more commonly used for commands or orders, not for general advice.
- **Incorrect Answer (d)**: 'must' implies a strong obligation, which is stronger than the advice given in the original sentence.