Islamic Studies/Islamiat (Competitive Exams) MCQs
Topic Notes: Islamic Studies/Islamiat (Competitive Exams)
<p>MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.</p>
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
81
Who was the Sikh Guru executed during the reign of Jahangir, leading to increased tensions between the two groups?
Answer:
Guru Arjan Dev
Guru Arjan Dev, the fifth Sikh Guru, was executed in 1606. Jahangir accused him of supporting the rebellion of his son Prince Khusrau. This event was a turning point, marking the beginning of the militarization of the Sikh community in response to Mughal persecution.
82
The practice of 'Jharokha Darshan' (emperor appearing at a balcony for the public) was started by:
Answer:
Akbar
Akbar introduced Jharokha Darshan to establish a direct bond with his subjects. He would appear at a specially built balcony every morning so that the common people could see him and present their grievances, a practice continued by his successors until Aurangzeb abolished it as un-Islamic.
83
The 'Buland Darwaza', the highest gateway in India, was built by Akbar to commemorate his victory over:
Answer:
Gujarat
Akbar constructed the Buland Darwaza (Great Gate) in 1601 as an entrance to the Jama Masjid at Fatehpur Sikri. It was built to celebrate his successful military campaign and conquest of the prosperous province of Gujarat.
84
The 'Ibadat Khana' (House of Worship) was built by Akbar at which city?
Answer:
Fatehpur Sikri
Akbar built the Ibadat Khana in 1575 at his new capital, Fatehpur Sikri. Initially intended for debates among Muslim scholars, it was later opened to representatives of all religions, including Hindus, Christians, Jains, and Zoroastrians, to discuss theological truths.
85
Which Mughal Emperor wrote his autobiography in Chaghatai Turkic?
Answer:
Babur
Babur wrote the 'Baburnama' (Tuzk-e-Babri) in his native Chaghatai Turkic. It is considered one of the most candid and detailed autobiographies of the medieval period, offering insights into his personal thoughts, battles, and observations of the land of Hindustan.
86
What was the official language of the Mughal court?
Answer:
Persian
While the Mughals were of Central Asian Turkic origin, they adopted Persian as the language of administration, literature, and culture. Persian influence permeated all levels of Mughal society, and the interaction between Persian and local Prakrit languages led to the development of Urdu.
87
Who was the last Mughal Emperor, who was exiled to Rangoon after the 1857 Uprising?
Answer:
Bahadur Shah Zafar
Bahadur Shah Zafar served as a symbolic leader for the rebels during the 1857 Indian Rebellion. After the British suppressed the revolt, he was tried for treason, deposed, and exiled to Burma (Myanmar), marking the formal end of the Mughal line.
88
The 'Third Battle of Panipat' in 1761 was fought between the Marathas and:
Answer:
Ahmad Shah Abdali
Ahmad Shah Abdali, the founder of the Durrani Empire in Afghanistan, defeated the Maratha Confederacy at the Third Battle of Panipat. While it weakened the Marathas, the Mughals were too feeble to take advantage of the power vacuum, which was eventually filled by the British.
89
Who was the Persian invader who sacked Delhi in 1739 and took the Peacock Throne and the Koh-i-Noor diamond?
Answer:
Nader Shah
Nader Shah's invasion exposed the extreme weakness of the later Mughal state under Muhammad Shah 'Rangila'. The massacre in Delhi and the looting of the imperial treasury dealt a psychological and financial blow from which the Mughal dynasty never recovered.
90
Which European company received a 'Farman' (royal decree) from Farrukhsiyar in 1717, granting them trade privileges?
Answer:
British East India Company
The 'Golden Farman' granted the British East India Company duty-free trade rights in Bengal in exchange for an annual payment. This decree is often called the 'Magna Carta' of the Company, as it provided the legal and economic foothold they later exploited to establish political control.