General Science/Everyday Science MCQs
Topic Notes: General Science/Everyday Science
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
1
Which medical condition is primarily managed with a 'Low-Sodium' diet?
Answer:
Congestive Heart Failure and Hypertension
Excessive sodium causes the body to retain water, which increases blood volume and puts extra strain on the heart and blood vessels.
2
Which of the following fats is typically 'Solid' at room temperature?
Answer:
Saturated fats (e.g., Butter, Coconut oil)
Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds, allowing them to pack together tightly and remain solid at room temperature.
3
What is the primary source of Vitamin B12 in nature?
Answer:
Bacteria and Archaea
Neither plants nor animals can produce B12. It is synthesized only by certain bacteria. Animals obtain it by eating soil-contaminated plants, through their gut bacteria, or by consuming other animals.
4
Which mineral deficiency causes 'Hypogeusia' (impaired sense of taste)?
Answer:
Zinc
Zinc is necessary for the proper functioning of taste buds. A deficiency often leads to a decreased or distorted sense of taste and smell.
5
Which of the following is an 'Omega-3' fatty acid?
Answer:
Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)
ALA is a plant-based Omega-3 found in flax and walnuts. The body can convert some ALA into the long-chain Omega-3s EPA and DHA.
6
What is the function of the enzyme 'Lactase'?
Answer:
Digests milk sugar (lactose)
Lactase is produced in the small intestine. It breaks down the disaccharide lactose into the simple sugars glucose and galactose for absorption.
7
Which vitamin is essential for 'Prothrombin' synthesis?
Answer:
Vitamin K
Vitamin K is the essential cofactor for the gamma-carboxylation of glutamic acid residues in several proteins involved in blood clotting, including Prothrombin.
8
Which of the following describes the 'DASH' eating plan?
Answer:
High in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy
DASH is a balanced diet rich in potassium, calcium, and magnesium, which work together to relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure.
9
Which mineral is required for 'Glucose Tolerance Factor' (GTF)?
Answer:
Chromium
Chromium helps insulin bind to its receptors on cell membranes, thereby improving glucose uptake and maintaining stable blood sugar levels.
10
What is 'Ketosis'?
Answer:
A metabolic state where the body burns fat for fuel instead of glucose
When carbohydrate intake is very low, the liver converts fatty acids into ketones, which can be used by the brain and muscles as an alternative energy source.