Computer Science - IT MCQs
Topic Notes: Computer Science - IT
<p>MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.</p>
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
1
What is the technical term for the process of scrambling data into an unreadable format to protect its confidentiality?
Answer:
Encryption
Encryption is the process of encoding information or data in such a way that only authorized parties can access it. By using mathematical algorithms, the original data (plaintext) is converted into an unreadable format (ciphertext).
2
What is the term for a security system, either hardware or software, that protects a network from unauthorized access?
Answer:
Firewall
A firewall is a network security device that monitors and filters incoming and outgoing network traffic based on an organization's previously established security policies.
3
Statistically, who is most likely to be responsible for computer-related crimes within an organization?
Answer:
Trusted employee with no criminal record.
Research into computer crime consistently indicates that the most common perpetrator is an 'insider'—a trusted employee who has legitimate access to the organization's systems.
4
What term describes the secret coded entries required to authenticate a user and grant access to a computer system?
Answer:
Passwords
Passwords are the standard security mechanism used to verify a user's identity. By requiring a unique, secret string of characters, systems ensure that only authorized individuals can access sensitive data or restricted computing resources.
5
What is the most frequently utilized method for restricting access to a computer system?
Answer:
Passwords
Passwords are the most common form of authentication used to restrict access to computer systems. They serve as a secret string of characters that a user must provide to prove their identity.
6
What is the primary security function of a firewall within a computer network?
Answer:
Protect against unauthorized access and threats
A firewall acts as a security barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external networks, such as the internet.
7
How has the standardization of Microsoft programs and the Windows operating system impacted the spread of computer viruses?
Answer:
Easier
The widespread standardization of Microsoft software creates a homogeneous environment. Because many users run the same operating system and applications, a single virus or exploit can potentially affect a vast number of machines simultaneously.
8
What is the technical term for software updates designed to address and close security vulnerabilities within an operating system?
Answer:
Security patches
A security patch is a piece of software code designed to update a computer program or its supporting data to fix security vulnerabilities.
9
Which term describes the act of gaining unauthorized access to another person's or organization's computer system?
Answer:
Hacking
Hacking refers to the practice of identifying and exploiting weaknesses in a computer system or network to gain unauthorized access.
10
What is the term for the coded sequences used to authenticate and gain access to a computer system?
Answer:
password
A password is a secret string of characters used to verify a user's identity. It acts as a security mechanism to control access to computer systems, networks, and sensitive data, ensuring that only authorized individuals can log in.