Pakistan Studies/Affairs MCQs
Topic Notes: Pakistan Studies/Affairs
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
1
How did the All India Muslim League react to the system of Dyarchy introduced by the 1919 Act?
Answer:
It declared the system unacceptable and boycotted the elections
The Muslim League found the Dyarchy system unacceptable and criticized the limited powers granted to Indian ministers. Consequently, the party decided to boycott the elections held under these reforms to express their lack of confidence in the new constitutional setup.
2
What was the final stance of the Indian National Congress toward the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms?
Answer:
It rejected the reforms
The Congress rejected the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, describing them as 'disappointing and unsatisfactory.' They felt that the reforms did not go far enough toward achieving real self-government, leading eventually to the launch of the Non-Cooperation Movement.
3
Which of the following was a major reason for the failure of the Dyarchy system?
Answer:
Unscientific division of subjects and lack of ministerial control over services
Dyarchy failed because the division of subjects was impractical (e.g., agriculture was transferred but irrigation was reserved). Furthermore, there was no concept of joint responsibility, and Indian ministers had no control over the permanent civil services, who remained loyal to the British Governor.
4
The system of Dyarchy remained in operation in the provinces during which period?
Answer:
1921 to 1937
Dyarchy was implemented in 1921 following the 1919 Act and remained the functioning system of provincial governance until it was replaced by provincial autonomy under the Government of India Act 1935, which came into effect in 1937.
5
Which administrative system was introduced in the provincial governments by the Act of 1919?
Answer:
Dyarchy
The Act of 1919 introduced 'Dyarchy' (double government) in the provinces. Under this system, provincial subjects were divided into two categories: 'Reserved' (controlled by the Governor and his executive council) and 'Transferred' (controlled by Indian ministers responsible to the legislature).
6
What was the term of the Central Legislative Assembly (Lower House) under the 1919 Reforms?
Answer:
3 years
The Central Legislative Assembly, the lower chamber of the central legislature, had a fixed term of 3 years. It had a larger number of elected members compared to the Council of State, reflecting a move toward more representative governance.
7
According to the Government of India Act 1919, what was the term of the Council of State (Upper House)?
Answer:
5 years
The Council of State, serving as the upper chamber of the central legislature, was given a term of 5 years. This house was designed to be more conservative and represented the interests of the landed elite and wealthy merchants.
8
The Act of 1919 replaced the Imperial Legislative Council with what type of legislature at the center?
Answer:
Bicameral
The 1919 Act introduced a bicameral legislature at the center, consisting of two houses: the Council of State (Upper House) and the Central Legislative Assembly (Lower House). This was a major departure from the previous single-house Imperial Legislative Council.
9
Under the Act of 1919, how were the salaries of the Secretary of State for India to be paid in the future?
Answer:
Out of the British revenues
Previously, the salary and expenses of the Secretary of State for India were paid from the Indian exchequer. The 1919 Act changed this provision, stating that these expenses would henceforth be paid out of British revenues, a long-standing demand of Indian nationalists.
10
The Government of India Act 1919 is also popularly known by which other name?
Answer:
Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms
The Act of 1919 is known as the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, named after Edwin Montagu (Secretary of State) and Lord Chelmsford (Viceroy). These reforms introduced significant structural changes to the governance of British India at both the central and provincial levels.