In August 1961, the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) began the construction of the Berlin Wall. This structure was designed to prevent citizens from fleeing to the West. It became the most potent symbol of the 'Iron Curtain' and the Cold War division between the democratic West and the communist Eastern Bloc, remaining in place until its fall in 1989.

The term 'Cold War' was initially used by Bernard Baruch in a speech to the South Carolina House of Representatives on April 16, 1947. He described the situation between the United States and the Soviet Union as a 'cold' war, implying a conflict that is fought through espionage and propaganda rather than direct military action.

The assertion that the post-Cold War era has been characterized by total global peace is factually incorrect. While the bipolar confrontation between the US and USSR ended, the world has experienced numerous major conflicts, including the Gulf War, the Yugoslav Wars, the Rwandan genocide, and the protracted conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq, demonstrating that regional instability and warfare persist.

In a tight bipolar system, power is concentrated in two dominant poles. Option B is considered incorrect because such systems are defined by the dominance of the two blocs, leaving little room for independent supranational actors to exert influence outside the bipolar structure. The system is characterized by rigid alignment and the marginalization of neutral or non-aligned entities.

In international relations theory, nuclear weapons are considered a definitive source of power due to their role in deterrence and strategic leverage. While industrial capacity and military preparedness are essential components of national strength, the possession of nuclear weapons provides a unique, high-stakes capability that fundamentally alters a state's influence and security status on the global stage.

The Truman Doctrine, announced by U.S. President Harry S. Truman in 1947, established that the United States would provide political, military, and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces. Specifically, it was initially designed to support Greece and Turkey to prevent them from falling under Soviet influence during the early stages of the Cold War.

The Western Alliance, centered around the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), was led by the United States. This alliance was formed to contain the influence of the Soviet Union and the Eastern Bloc. The U.S. provided the military, economic, and political leadership necessary to maintain the alliance's cohesion throughout the Cold War period.

The Berlin Wall, which served as a physical and ideological barrier during the Cold War, was approximately 155 kilometers (about 96 miles) long. It encircled West Berlin, separating it from East Berlin and the surrounding territory of the German Democratic Republic. Therefore, it is accurate to state that the wall was more than 150 kilometers in length.

Noam Chomsky, a renowned linguist and political activist, authored 'Superpowers in Collision': The Cold War Now. The book analyzes the contemporary geopolitical landscape through the lens of the Cold War, examining how the rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union shaped global political structures and influenced domestic policies within both superpowers and their satellite states.

Following the 1959 revolution, Cuba became a primary ally of the Soviet Union in the Western Hemisphere. The USSR provided extensive economic subsidies, military aid, and political support to the Cuban government. This relationship served as a critical geopolitical counterbalance to United States influence in the region, leading to significant Cold War tensions, including the Cuban Missile Crisis, as both superpowers vied for strategic dominance.