Electromagnetic radiation is quantized in photons, which are the fundamental particles of EM waves.

X-rays are electromagnetic and can be polarized and diffracted by crystal lattices, but they are not typically diffracted by ordinary optical gratings, so 'diffracted by grating' is not true in the usual sense.

X-rays are electromagnetic radiation, i.e., high-energy photons.

Materials with high electron density provide more interaction sites (photoelectric and Compton effects), reducing X-ray penetration.

RADAR systems typically employ microwaves of relatively short wavelength for detection and ranging.

X-rays are electromagnetic radiation and in vacuum travel at the speed of light.

Gamma rays have the highest photon energy among the listed options, higher than X-rays and ultraviolet.

TV transmissions are largely line-of-sight; the Earth's curvature limits reception beyond a certain distance, so the surface curvature is the reason.

Wien's constant relates wavelength and temperature, so its unit is metre·kelvin (m·K).

Modern quantum theory describes light as quantized packets of energy called photons, capturing its particle-like behavior.