Basel III sought to address vulnerabilities in the financial system exposed during the 2008 crisis.

Georgia withdrew from the CIS in August 2009, following the 2008 Russo-Georgian War over the breakaway regions of South Ossetia and Abkhazia.

The ASEAN Charter, adopted in 2007 and entered into force in 2008, provides a legal framework for ASEAN, strengthening its institutional structure.

The working languages of the African Union include Arabic, English, French, Portuguese, Spanish, and Swahili. German is not an official working language.

German is not an official language of the UN. The official languages are Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish.

There are 6 official languages of the UN: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish. These are used in intergovernmental meetings and documents.

The Harem (from the Arabic *haram*, meaning 'forbidden' or 'sacred area') was the secluded, private quarter within the Mughal palace complex where the Emperor’s wives, female relatives, concubines, and servants resided, functioning as a distinct world of courtly female power and influence.

Iltutmish is credited with introducing the pure Arabic coinage in India. He introduced the silver *Tanka*, which weighed 175 grains and was the standard coin, and the copper *Jital* as the lower-denomination coin. This marks a significant development in the coinage of the Sultanate.

Abdul Malik replaced Byzantine and Persian coins with new Islamic coinage featuring Arabic text and no images.

The House of Wisdom was a major intellectual center during the Abbasid era where Greek, Persian, and Indian texts were translated into Arabic.