In 1913, Sahibzada Abdul Qayyum established Islamia College to advance Muslim education in the North-West Frontier Province.

 The 1857 uprising began on May 10 in Meerut when Indian sepoys revolted against British East India Company rule.

 Syed Ahmad led a jihad movement and was killed on May 6, 1831, during the Battle of Balakot against the Sikh Empire.

 Sir Syed, founder of Aligarh Muslim University, was born on October 17, 1817.

 Tipu Sultan died defending Seringapatam in 1799; his tomb is located within the city’s fort.

 Mysore ruler Haider Ali passed away on December 7, 1782, but his official death date is often recorded as early 1784 in British accounts.

 On June 23, 1757, Robert Clive’s forces defeated Siraj-ud-Daulah at Plassey, laying the foundation for British colonial rule in India.

 Ahmad Shah Abdali ceded Lahore to Ranjit Singh in 1799 after withdrawing from Punjab, enabling the rise of the Sikh Empire.

 Vasco da Gama’s arrival at Calicut in 1498 marked the Portuguese as the first European power to establish trade and footholds in South Asia.

This question duplicates Q17 from the same year, likely a document error. The 1956 Constitution declared both Urdu and Bengali as national languages. The original answer (c) was correct, and the question is retained as per the document.