A chronometer is a precision instrument for measuring time; the OCR shows the time option marked on the page.

Strain = 0.1 cm / 100 cm = 0.001; stress = E·strain = 10^12·0.001 = 10^9 dyne/cm^2; force = stress×area = 10^9×1 = 10^9 dyne.

Momentum times velocity has dimensions of energy (kg·m^2·s^-2), which is the joule.

The Magnus effect (lift on a spinning object) arises from pressure differences in the flow, a phenomenon explained by Bernoulli's theorem.

Pascal's law states that pressure applied at one point in an incompressible fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid.

For a (nonlinear) triatomic gas f = 6 degrees of freedom, so γ = 1 + 2/f = 1 + 2/6 = 4/3, the ratio of adiabatic to isothermal elasticity.

For ductile materials the proportional limit is effectively the same as the elastic limit for practical purposes, so they are considered identical.

If two vectors are perpendicular their dot product is zero, so a · b = 0.

With equal volume and d_A = 0.5 d_B, length_A = 4 length_B and area_A = 1/4 area_B; extension ∝ L/A so ratio = (4)/(1/4) = 16.

1 m^3 equals 10^6 cm^3 and 10^9 mm^3, so both A and B are correct.