The first India-China “Hand-in-Hand” counter-terrorism drill was held at Kunming in October 2015.

The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) between Iran and major powers was finalized in Vienna on July 14, 2015.

Prisoners of Geography: Ten Maps That Tell You Everything You Need to Know About Global Politics (2015) is authored by British foreign affairs journalist Tim Marshall. The book illustrates how topography, mountain barriers, river systems, climate, and coastlines shape international relations, power projection, and state behavior.

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015–2030) was adopted at the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction in Sendai, Japan, in March 2015. It succeeded the Hyogo Framework (2005–2015) and serves as the primary international roadmap for mitigating disaster risk, enhancing resilience, and reducing global disaster mortality.

Article 25A mandates free and compulsory education for children aged 5 to 16 years in Pakistan.

The 1973 Constitution of Pakistan declared Urdu as the national language, with provisions to promote its use for official purposes.

Urdu is designated as the national language of Pakistan, serving as a unifying medium among the country’s diverse linguistic groups.

Myanmar was the first foreign export customer of the Pakistan Aeronautical Complex (PAC) / Chengdu Aerospace Corporation (CAC) JF-17 Thunder aircraft, signing a contract in 2015 and receiving its first batch in 2018 (followed by Nigeria and Azerbaijan).

This question duplicates Q17 from the same year, likely a document error. The 1956 Constitution declared both Urdu and Bengali as national languages. The original answer (c) was correct, and the question is retained as per the document.

The 1956 Constitution declared both Urdu and Bengali as national languages to accommodate East and West Pakistan’s linguistic diversity. The original question and answer were correct.