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The MCQs below are drawn from the Arabic subject category.
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41
Classical Pashto formal poetry often made use of which prosodic system inherited from Arabic and Persian traditions?
A. Free verse (no fixed meter)
B. Arūz (quantitative Arabic–Persian prosody)
C. Vedic syllabic meters
D. Accentual-syllabic meter (stress-timed)
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Explanation
Many classical Pashto poets adopted the arūz system of quantitative meter from Arabic and Persian poetic tradition for formal compositions.
42
Which writing system is traditionally used for standard Pashto?
A. Perso-Arabic script (extended for Pashto)
B. Devanagari script
C. Latin (Roman) script
D. Cyrillic script
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Explanation
Pashto is written in an extended Perso-Arabic script that includes additional letters to represent Pashto phonemes.
43
Which administrative change implemented during the Umayyad period had a lasting impact on governance across their territories?
A. Abolition of all provincial administrations
B. Adoption of Persian as the court language
C. Standardization of Arabic as the official language of administration
D. Introduction of democratic elections for governors
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Explanation
The Umayyad administration standardized Arabic as the official language for governance and administration, which had long-term institutional effects across their domains.
44
The House of Wisdom (Bayt al-Hikma) in Abbasid Baghdad is best known for which major intellectual activity?
A. Systematic translation and synthesis of Greek, Syriac and other works into Arabic
B. Exclusive development of Islamic jurisprudence and hadith without foreign sources
C. Establishing a standardized ritual calendar for the Muslim world
D. Serving primarily as a military academy for the Abbasid army
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Explanation
The House of Wisdom spearheaded a large-scale translation movement that rendered Greek, Syriac and other texts into Arabic and fostered intellectual synthesis.
45
Which Umayyad caliph instituted Arabic as the administrative language of the caliphate and reformed coinage to reflect Islamic identity?
A. Muawiya I
B. Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan
C. Marwan II
D. Al-Walid I
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Explanation
Abd al-Malik (r. 685–705) introduced Arabic in administration and replaced Byzantine-Sassanian coinage with Islamic coinage as part of state centralization.
46
In Perso-Arabic orthographies adapted for Balochi, which character is typically used to represent the glottal stop (or its orthographic equivalent)?
A. Alif with maddah (آ)
B. Hamza (ء)
C. Ye (ی)
D. Waw (و)
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Explanation
The hamza is the conventional Perso-Arabic character used to denote a glottal stop or related orthographic functions in adapted Balochi script.
47
Which script has historically been and remains most commonly used for Balochi literary writing?
A. Latin alphabet
B. Cyrillic script
C. Perso-Arabic (modified) script
D. Devanagari script
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Explanation
Balochi literary texts are most commonly written in a modified Perso-Arabic script adapted from Persian/Urdu orthography.
48
Which particle in Arabic typically causes the present-tense verb to be in the jussive (مجزوم) mood?
A. أنْ
B. لن
C. قد
D. لم
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Explanation
لم is a negative particle that makes the following present-tense verb jussive, as in 'لم يذهبْ'.
49
Which Arabic word is the closest synonym of 'قَلِق' in meaning?
A. هادئ
B. قلق (worried)
C. غاضب
D. مندهش
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Explanation
قَلِق means 'worried' or 'anxious', so the synonym 'worried' (قلق) is correct.
50
Who is the author of the modern Arabic novel 'موسم الهجرة إلى الشمال'?
A. نجيب محفوظ
B. أحمد شوقي
C. الطيب صالح
D. جبران خليل جبران
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Explanation
الطيب صالح is the Sudanese writer who authored 'موسم الهجرة إلى الشمال', a landmark modern Arabic novel.
