In 2007, Hugo Chávez was serving as the President of Venezuela [1, p7]. He held this office from 1999 until his death in 2013.

In 2009, Hu Jintao was the paramount leader of China. He held the key positions of General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (from 2002 to 2012) and President of the People's Republic of China (from 2003 to 2013). He also served as Chairman of the Central Military Commission (from 2004 to 2012) [2, p22].

As of early 2011, when this paper was likely set, Pakistan had served as a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council six times. These terms were: 1952–1953, 1968–1969, 1976–1977, 1983–1984, 1993–1994, and 2003–20042. Pakistan was later elected for a seventh term (2012-2013).

Tokyo was awarded the 2020 Summer Olympics at the 125th IOC Session in Buenos Aires in 2013.

The Taliban established their political office in Doha, Qatar, in June 2013 to facilitate peace talks with international stakeholders.

The general elections in Pakistan were held on May 11, 2013.

The Quaid-e-Azam Residency in Ziarat, Balochistan, was attacked and damaged by militants in June 2013.

The Murree Declaration was signed in 2013 between Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) and Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) to cooperate politically.

The operational management of Gwadar Port was handed over to China Overseas Port Holding Company in 2013.

Sindhi, with a rich literary tradition dating back to the Indus Valley Civilization and medieval Sufi poetry, is considered Pakistan’s oldest regional language. The original question was incomplete, and options were added based on historical context; the answer (a) is assumed correct based on standard references.