Indonesia took over the G20 Presidency on 1 December 2021, steering the group’s agenda through the end of 2022.

Elon Musk closed the $44 billion acquisition on 27 October 2022 and rebranded Twitter as X in mid-2023.[17](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AcquisitionofTwitterbyElonMusk)

China’s third carrier, the Fujian, completed fitting out and trials in 2023 after its launch in June 2022.[16](https://testbook.com/question-answer/which-country-has-launched-its-third-aircraft-carr--62af09e6ac3e4354e65718a4)

António Guterres began his second term as UN Secretary-General on 1 January 2022, continuing through 2026.[7](https://unis.unvienna.org/unis/topics/related/2021/Antonio-guterres-secures-second-term.html)

Lula was inaugurated on 1 January 2023 for his third non-consecutive term after winning the October 2022 election.[6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LuizIn%C3%A1cioLuladaSilva)

Charles III’s coronation took place on 6 May 2023 at Westminster Abbey, succeeding his mother, Elizabeth II, after her death in September 2022.[2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CharlesIII)

India defeated South Africa by 7 runs in the final at Kensington Oval, Bridgetown, to claim their second T20 World Cup title in 2024.[2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024Men'sT20WorldCupfinal)

Mohenjo-Daro, one of the major cities of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization, was discovered in 1922 by R. D. Banerji, an officer of the Archaeological Survey of India. Excavations revealed a well-planned city dating back to around 2500 BCE, highlighting advanced urban planning and culture[1][2][3].

Pakistan conducted its first population census in 1951, four years after independence. This census provided crucial demographic data for planning and policy-making in the nascent state.

The Planning Commission's "5 Es Framework" comprises: Exports