Raja Todar Mal was the finance minister (Diwan-i-Ashraf) who devised the standard land revenue system known as Todar Mal's Bandobast.

Akbar abolished the Jizya tax, which was levied on non-Muslim subjects, in 1564 as a step towards religious equality.

Sulh-i-Kul means 'Universal Peace' or 'Peace with all'. It was the cornerstone of Akbar's religious policy, promoting tolerance and coexistence among different communities.

The Ibadat Khana (House of Worship) was built in 1575 for religious discussions with scholars of various faiths including Islam, Hinduism, Christianity, Jainism, and Zoroastrianism.

'Zat' determined the personal status, rank in the hierarchy, and the salary of the mansabdar.

The Mansabdari system was inspired by the military organization of the Mongols, particularly the decimal system used by Genghis Khan.

The Amil or Amalguzar was the revenue collector at the sarkar or pargana level, responsible for assessing and collecting land revenue.

The Zabti or Dahsala system was introduced by Akbar under the guidance of Raja Todar Mal. It was based on the measurement of land and the average produce of the last ten years.

The lack of unity and coordination among Humayun and his brothers (Kamran, Askari, Hindal) significantly weakened the Mughal defense against Sher Shah.

After the victory at Sirhind, the young Prince Akbar was appointed as the Governor of Punjab.