**Linear B** is a syllabic script that was used for writing the earliest known form of the Greek language. It was primarily the administrative script of the **Mycenaean** civilization (c. 1450 BCE), found inscribed on clay tablets at palace sites like Knossos and Pylos.

**Pataliputra** (present-day Patna) was the capital city of the powerful **Mauryan Empire**, particularly under its most famous emperors, Chandragupta Maurya and Ashoka the Great. Its strategic location at the confluence of several rivers made it a major center for trade and administration.

The Tanzimat reforms attempted to modernize the empire's administration, military, and legal systems to prevent decline and fragmentation.

Hazrat Umar (R.A) formalized the state administration, establishing the Diwan to maintain records of soldiers and stipends, and setting up a public treasury (Bayt al-Mal).

The transfer sparked protests in Egypt, as many considered the islands Egyptian, though the government argued they were Saudi territory under Egyptian administration.

Mauritius claims sovereignty over the Chagos Archipelago, which the UK detached before Mauritius' independence. The ICJ has ruled the UK administration unlawful.

Kashmir is the primary territorial dispute between India and Pakistan, with both claiming the region in full but ruling it in part, separated by the Line of Control (LoC).

Passed in November 2001, it federalized airport security and created the TSA.

The 2018 National Defense Strategy signaled a shift from counter-terrorism to Great Power Competition (Russia/China).

The term was used by the Bush administration to describe countries supporting the Iraq invasion without a specific UN mandate.