The United States signed the CTBT in 1996 but has not ratified it. Ratification requires Senate approval, which has not been granted.

The International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination is observed every year on 21 March. This date commemorates the Sharpeville massacre in South Africa in 1960, when police killed 69 people at a peaceful protest against apartheid. The United Nations General Assembly proclaimed the day in 1966, urging the international community to intensify efforts to eliminate all forms of racial discrimination.

The Pacific Ocean reaches its greatest depth in the Mariana Trench—about 10,920 meters below sea level—making it the deepest of the world’s oceans and covering more than 63 million square miles.

“Viva voce” is Latin for “with the living voice,” commonly understood to mean “by word of mouth” and used to describe oral examinations or testimony 1.

On 19 August 2015, Pakistan’s military signed its first-ever formal defence cooperation pact with Russia.

The first India-China “Hand-in-Hand” counter-terrorism drill was held at Kunming in October 2015.

The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) between Iran and major powers was finalized in Vienna on July 14, 2015.

The Nagorno-Karabakh region has been contested by Armenia and Azerbaijan, with periodic flare-ups despite ceasefires.

China’s third carrier, the Fujian, completed fitting out and trials in 2023 after its launch in June 2022.[16](https://testbook.com/question-answer/which-country-has-launched-its-third-aircraft-carr--62af09e6ac3e4354e65718a4)

Prisoners of Geography: Ten Maps That Tell You Everything You Need to Know About Global Politics (2015) is authored by British foreign affairs journalist Tim Marshall. The book illustrates how topography, mountain barriers, river systems, climate, and coastlines shape international relations, power projection, and state behavior.