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14871
Who was the first person to be born via In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)?
A. Louise Brown
B. Dolly the Sheep
C. Elizabeth Blackwell
D. Marie Curie
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Explanation
Louise Brown, born in 1978 in the UK, was the first 'test-tube baby' conceived using IVF technology.
14872
Which virus was responsible for the global pandemic declared in March 2020?
A. H1N1
B. SARS-CoV-2
C. Ebola
D. Zika
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Explanation
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus that causes the disease COVID-19.
14873
What is 'CAPTCHA' used for?
A. To capture screenshots
B. To distinguish between human and machine input
C. To encrypt passwords
D. To speed up downloads
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Explanation
CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart) is a challenge-response test used to determine whether or not the user is human.
14874
Which test is used to determine if a machine exhibits intelligent behavior equivalent to a human?
A. The IQ Test
B. The Turing Test
C. The Voight-Kampff Test
D. The Lovelace Test
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Explanation
Proposed by Alan Turing in 1950, the Turing Test evaluates a machine's ability to exhibit intelligent behavior indistinguishable from that of a human.
14875
Who is considered the father of theoretical computer science and artificial intelligence?
A. John von Neumann
B. Alan Turing
C. Claude Shannon
D. Norbert Wiener
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Explanation
Alan Turing formalized the concepts of algorithm and computation with the Turing machine and proposed the Turing Test for AI.
14876
Who developed DNA fingerprinting (profiling)?
A. James Watson
B. Alec Jeffreys
C. Kary Mullis
D. Francis Crick
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Explanation
Sir Alec Jeffreys developed DNA profiling in 1984, which revolutionized forensic science and paternity testing.
14877
What was the name of the prototype Space Shuttle used for atmospheric flight tests but never went to space?
A. Enterprise
B. Pathfinder
C. Endeavour
D. Constitution
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Space Shuttle Enterprise was a test vehicle used for approach and landing tests in 1977; it lacked engines and a heat shield for orbit.
14878
What is the name of the spacecraft currently holding the record for the fastest human-made object?
A. Voyager 1
B. New Horizons
C. Parker Solar Probe
D. Juno
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Explanation
The Parker Solar Probe, launched to study the Sun, uses gravity assists to achieve record-breaking speeds, eventually exceeding 430,000 mph.
14879
Which NASA mission deliberately crashed a spacecraft into an asteroid to test planetary defense?
A. Deep Impact
B. DART
C. NEAR Shoemaker
D. Armageddon
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Explanation
The Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) successfully impacted the asteroid moonlet Dimorphos in 2022 to change its orbit.
14880
The 'Hope' probe (Al Amal) is a Mars mission launched by which country?
A. Saudi Arabia
B. United Arab Emirates
C. Iran
D. Turkey
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Explanation
The UAE launched the Hope probe in 2020 to study the Martian atmosphere, becoming the first Arab nation to reach Mars.
